Isah Abiodun, Ibiloye Olujuwon, Omole Temiwoluwa, Olaniyi Oluwatobi, Jwanle Plang, Onwuatelo Ifeyinwa, Samuels Jay Osi, Okonkwo Prosper
APIN Public Health Initiatives, Plot 1551, Zone E, Apo Resettlement, Apo, Abuja, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
AIDS Res Ther. 2025 Aug 22;22(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s12981-025-00786-w.
Advances in HIV/AIDS treatment have transformed HIV into a manageable chronic condition. However, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other non-communicable diseases are increasingly emerging among people living with HIV (PLHIV), especially in developing countries. This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of CVD risk among PLHIV in Nigeria.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2024 across ten Nigerian health facilities, involving 1,000 PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Data on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, family history of CVD, and HIV-related clinical factors were collected through structured questionnaires and medical records. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS v24, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Participants had a median age of 48 years (IQR: 41-56), and 60.7% were female. Hypertension (26.2%), overweight (27.9%), high-risk waist-hip ratio (39.6%), and obesity (19.6%) were common. Overall, 61.1% were at risk for CVD. Significant predictors of higher CVD risk included urban residence (aOR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.13-1.94), smoking (aOR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.26-3.68), family history of hypertension (aOR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2-2.4), being on ART for ≥ 10 years (aOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-2.01), and infrequent consumption of high-fat, sugar, and salt (HFSS) foods (aOR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1-1.9). Conversely, being retired or a student was associated with lower risk.
CVD risk is prevalent among PLHIV in Nigeria and is linked to demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors. Targeted, integrated interventions, and client-centered care strategies are required to reduce CVD burden among PLHIV.
艾滋病毒/艾滋病治疗方面的进展已将艾滋病毒转变为一种可控制的慢性病。然而，心血管疾病（CVD）和其他非传染性疾病在艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）中日益增多，尤其是在发展中国家。本研究评估了尼日利亚艾滋病毒感染者中CVD风险的患病率及其决定因素。
2024年2月至5月在尼日利亚的10个卫生机构开展了一项横断面研究，纳入1000名接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的艾滋病毒感染者。通过结构化问卷和医疗记录收集社会人口学特征、生活方式行为、CVD家族史以及与艾滋病毒相关的临床因素等数据。使用SPSS v24进行卡方检验和逻辑回归分析，显著性设定为p < 0.05。
参与者的年龄中位数为48岁（四分位间距：41 - 56岁），60.7%为女性。高血压（26.2%）、超重（27.9%）、高风险腰臀比（39.6%）和肥胖（19.6%）较为常见。总体而言，61.1%存在CVD风险。CVD风险较高的显著预测因素包括城市居住（调整后比值比：1.48；95%置信区间：1.13 - 1.94）、吸烟（调整后比值比：2.16；95%置信区间：1.26 - 3.68）、高血压家族史（调整后比值比：1.7；95%置信区间：1.2 - 2.4）、接受ART治疗≥10年（调整后比值比：1.5；95%置信区间：1.1 - 2.01）以及很少食用高脂、高糖和高盐（HFSS）食物（调整后比值比：1.4；95%置信区间：1.1 - 1.9）。相反，退休或学生身份与较低风险相关。
尼日利亚的艾滋病毒感染者中CVD风险普遍存在，且与人口统计学、临床和生活方式因素有关。需要采取有针对性的综合干预措施以及以患者为中心的护理策略，以减轻艾滋病毒感染者的CVD负担。
