Cao Heng, Zhu Youqi, Jiang Tao, Leng Zhaoyang, Yu Haiyue, Ma Xilan, Cao Chuanbao, Zou Meishuai
Research Center of Materials Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Catalysis and Energy Conversion, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, 519088, China.
Small. 2025 Aug 23:e07241. doi: 10.1002/smll.202507241.
Rechargeable magnesium-sulfur (Mg-S) batteries have recently aroused broad attention due to their large theoretical energy density, low cost and negligible safety concerns compared to lithium-ion and lithium-sulfur counterparts. Great research efforts have been devoted to exploiting and advancing this Mg-S batteries and endowing them as the competitive alternatives for next-generation energy storage systems. However, the insufficient reversible capacity and rapid capacity loss have severely hindered their practical application due to the inevitable Mg-anode passivation, low sulfur utilization efficiency, polysulfide shuttle effect, and electrode-electrolyte incompatibility. Herein, the efficient modification and improvement strategies are highly required to overcome these challenges. Therefore, it seems significantly necessary to afford a systematical and full review about the recent advancements of Mg-S batteries to promote their farther improvements. In this review, the challenges and recent advances of rechargeable Mg-S batteries are outlined mainly focusing on Mg anode, sulfur cathode, electrolyte and separator. This review is expected to open the new horizons of the design principle of electrode materials, electrolyte and separator to develop highly efficient magnesium-sulfur batteries.
可充电镁硫（Mg-S）电池因其具有较大的理论能量密度、低成本以及与锂离子和锂硫电池相比可忽略不计的安全问题，最近引起了广泛关注。人们投入了大量的研究精力来开发和改进这种镁硫电池，并使其成为下一代储能系统具有竞争力的替代方案。然而，由于不可避免的镁阳极钝化、低硫利用效率、多硫化物穿梭效应以及电极与电解质的不相容性，可逆容量不足和快速的容量损失严重阻碍了它们的实际应用。在此，迫切需要有效的改性和改进策略来克服这些挑战。因此，对镁硫电池的最新进展进行系统全面的综述以促进其进一步改进显得非常必要。在这篇综述中，主要围绕镁阳极、硫阴极、电解质和隔膜概述了可充电镁硫电池面临的挑战和最新进展。这篇综述有望为电极材料、电解质和隔膜的设计原理开辟新视野，以开发高效的镁硫电池。
