Nambiar Karthika, Kamble Ranjit, Atole Srushti, Toshniwal Nandlal, Pandey Ruchika
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, 442001, India.
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni, Maharashtra, India.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Aug 23;25(1):1368. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06686-9.
Accelerating orthodontic treatment is crucial in reducing complications such as root resorption, caries, and oral hygiene compromise, especially in adults. Piezocision and corticotomy are surgical techniques that accelerate tooth movement by causing bone remodelling. This study compares and evaluates changes in Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) following piezocision and corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics in adults.
To assess and compare IL-1β fluctuations in GCF of adult patients undergoing corticotomy and piezocision-assisted orthodontic treatment.
MATERIALS & METHODS: This split-mouth study consisted of 16 adult patients (18-25 years) who needed premolar extractions. One half of the maxilla was randomly assigned for piezocision and the other half for corticotomy. GCF samples were taken from maxillary canines at varying time intervals: pre-treatment (T0), before surgery (T1), and 24 h (T2), 7 days (T3), and 21 days (T4) following surgery. IL-1β concentrations were quantified using an ELISA kit, and statistical analysis was done.
IL-1β concentrations were highest at 24 h after surgery (T2) in both groups and decreased steadily by day 21 (T4), but were still elevated above pre-treatment levels. IL-1β concentrations were significantly greater in the piezocision group at all time points after surgery than in the corticotomy group (p < 0.001), reflecting a more intense inflammatory reaction and greater bone cell metabolism.
This study suggests that piezocision elicits a more intense biological response than corticotomy, as reflected by higher IL-1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid. While this may indicate a potential for enhanced bone remodelling and accelerated tooth movement, further research is needed to directly correlate cytokine expression with the rate of orthodontic tooth movement.
加速正畸治疗对于减少诸如牙根吸收、龋齿和口腔卫生恶化等并发症至关重要，尤其是在成人患者中。压电切开术和皮质骨切开术是通过引起骨重塑来加速牙齿移动的外科技术。本研究比较并评估了成人压电切开术和皮质骨切开术辅助正畸治疗后龈沟液（GCF）中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）水平的变化。
评估和比较接受皮质骨切开术和压电切开术辅助正畸治疗的成年患者龈沟液中IL-1β的波动情况。
这项双侧对照研究纳入了16名需要拔除前磨牙的成年患者（18 - 25岁）。上颌的一侧随机分配接受压电切开术，另一侧接受皮质骨切开术。在不同时间间隔从上颌尖牙采集GCF样本：治疗前（T0）、手术前（T1）以及手术后24小时（T2）、7天（T3）和21天（T4）。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试剂盒对IL-1β浓度进行定量，并进行统计分析。
两组患者术后24小时（T2）时IL-1β浓度均最高，到第21天（T4）时稳步下降，但仍高于治疗前水平。术后所有时间点，压电切开术组的IL-1β浓度均显著高于皮质骨切开术组（p < 0.001），这反映出更强烈的炎症反应和更高的骨细胞代谢水平。
本研究表明，与皮质骨切开术相比，压电切开术引发的生物学反应更强烈，龈沟液中IL-1β水平更高即反映了这一点。虽然这可能表明骨重塑增强和牙齿移动加速的潜力，但需要进一步研究将细胞因子表达与正畸牙齿移动速率直接关联起来。
