Ata Ali, Ezzat Doaa, Sherkawy Hoda S, Ahmed Amr E, Afify Mie, Abdelmaksoud Mohamed D E, Azazy Samir, Gouda Weaam
Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Oral and Dental Surgery, Misr University for Science and technology, Giza, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 24;15(1):31101. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16013-5.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a rapidly increasing global health and healthcare challenge. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in kidney disease due to their role in apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and development. The aim of this study was to determine the role of miRNA-21-5p, miRNA-126-3p, and miRNA-192-5p in the prognosis of ESRD. In addition, we aimed to evaluate the discriminatory ability of these miRNAs as biomarkers for ESRD in relation to the comorbidities of hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM). One hundred and ten individuals were recruited for our study and divided into three groups: group 1 included 40 ESRD patients with hypertension, group 2 included 40 ESRD patients with diabetes, and group 3 (n = 30) served as healthy controls. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to quantify the above miRNAs. Patients with ESRD were found to have lower levels of miRNA-126-3p and higher levels of miRNAs-21-5p and - 192-5p. Furthermore, the accuracies of ROC analyses for miR-21-5p, miR-126-3p, and miR-192-5p were 96.65%, 99.5%, and 93.35% in ESRD with HTN and 95%, 71.5%, and 93% in ESRD with DM. Dysregulation of these miRNAs is associated with the development of ESRD and could be used as biomarkers for ESRD. This study briefly outlines the challenges associated with miRNA research and the potential use of miRNA molecules in the management of ESRD, proposing a research approach emphasizing the development of standardized and reliable biomarkers for therapeutic use. Despite the promising diagnostic utility demonstrated, the lack of cross-validation and external validation remains an important limitation. Future large-scale, independent studies are essential to confirm these findings and ensure broader applicability.
终末期肾病（ESRD）是一个在全球范围内迅速增长的健康及医疗保健挑战。微小RNA（miRNA）因其在细胞凋亡、增殖、分化及发育中的作用而与肾脏疾病相关。本研究的目的是确定miRNA-21-5p、miRNA-126-3p和miRNA-192-5p在ESRD预后中的作用。此外，我们旨在评估这些miRNA作为ESRD生物标志物与高血压（HTN）和糖尿病（DM）合并症相关的鉴别能力。我们招募了110名个体进行研究并将其分为三组：第1组包括40名患有高血压的ESRD患者，第2组包括40名患有糖尿病的ESRD患者，第3组（n = 30）作为健康对照。采用实时聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对上述miRNA进行定量。发现ESRD患者的miRNA-126-3p水平较低，而miRNA-21-5p和miRNA-192-5p水平较高。此外，在伴有HTN的ESRD中，miR-21-5p、miR-126-3p和miR-192-5p的ROC分析准确率分别为96.65%、99.5%和93.35%；在伴有DM的ESRD中，其准确率分别为95%、71.5%和93%。这些miRNA的失调与ESRD的发生发展相关，并且可作为ESRD的生物标志物。本研究简要概述了与miRNA研究相关的挑战以及miRNA分子在ESRD管理中的潜在用途，提出了一种强调开发用于治疗的标准化和可靠生物标志物的研究方法。尽管已证明具有有前景的诊断效用，但缺乏交叉验证和外部验证仍是一个重要的局限性。未来大规模、独立的研究对于证实这些发现并确保更广泛的适用性至关重要。
