Al Baghal Tarek, Burton Jonathan, Crossley Thomas F, Benzeval Michaela, Kumari Meena
Professor of Survey Methodology, Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.
Associate Director (Surveys) of Understanding Society, Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.
Public Opin Q. 2025 Jun 20;89(2):245-269. doi: 10.1093/poq/nfaf022. eCollection 2025.
Social surveys can be enriched with the collection of objective health measures, allowing new types of research in both health and social sciences. We experimentally tested three alternative designs for collecting survey responses and biomeasures within a longitudinal survey. In the nurse-administered design, a nurse conducts the survey and collects biomeasures in person. In the interviewer-first design, an interviewer initially attempts to carry out the survey in person, collects a subset of biomeasures, and then leaves a further biomeasure sample collection kit with the respondent. The web-first design invites respondents to complete the survey in web mode, and a biomeasure sample collection kit is sent after they do so. Nonrespondents to their initial mode are followed up with in an alternate mode. The outcomes of interest are both (i) response to the survey, and (ii) take-up and completion of the biomeasure sample collection. The impact of the experimental design is tested on both outcomes, utilizing intention-to-treat analysis (that is, by allocated design). To account for the importance of channel of communication in the consent decision for biomeasures, we also analyze observed consent outcomes by realized mode of response, other survey factors, and respondent characteristics. Findings show that the web-first design is superior in obtaining survey response, with nonsignificant differences between in-person interviewer-administered and nurse-administered designs. Conversely, the web was the least effective design for obtaining biomeasures. These findings imply that there is a design trade-off between obtaining survey responses and biomeasures, and this should be considered in future studies.
社会调查可以通过收集客观健康指标得到丰富，从而在健康科学和社会科学领域开展新型研究。我们在一项纵向调查中对三种收集调查反馈和生物指标的替代设计进行了实验测试。在护士执行设计中，由一名护士进行调查并亲自收集生物指标。在访谈员优先设计中，一名访谈员首先尝试亲自进行调查，收集一部分生物指标，然后给受访者留下进一步的生物指标样本收集工具包。网络优先设计邀请受访者以网络模式完成调查，在他们完成后发送生物指标样本收集工具包。对最初模式无回应的受访者会通过另一种模式进行跟进。感兴趣的结果包括：（i）对调查的回应，以及（ii）生物指标样本收集的接受和完成情况。利用意向性分析（即按分配的设计）对实验设计对这两个结果的影响进行测试。为了说明沟通渠道在生物指标同意决定中的重要性，我们还根据实际回应模式、其他调查因素和受访者特征分析观察到的同意结果。研究结果表明，网络优先设计在获得调查反馈方面更具优势，亲自进行访谈的访谈员执行设计和护士执行设计之间差异不显著。相反，网络是获取生物指标最无效的设计。这些发现意味着在获得调查反馈和生物指标之间存在设计权衡，这在未来的研究中应予以考虑。
