Aliberti Angelo, Garcia-Godoy Franklin, Borges Alexandre Luiz Souto, Tribst João Paulo Mendes, Gasparro Roberta, Mariniello Mauro, Ausiello Pietro
Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Interdepartmental Research Centre in Health Management and Innovation in Healthcare (CIRMIS), Naples, Italy.
Front Oral Health. 2025 Aug 11;6:1609502. doi: 10.3389/froh.2025.1609502. eCollection 2025.
With the increasing prevalence of cervical and root lesions in elderly patients, dental filling materials able to release bioactive ions are gaining importance in the restorative treatment. This study evaluated the release of calcium (Ca ), phosphate (PO ), and fluoride (F) ions from different restorative materials (, and ) for elderly population through testing conducted under different pH levels and temperature conditions.
Specimens (10 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness; = 3 for each material) were prepared according to manufacturers' instructions, immersed in buffer solutions at pH 4.8, 6.8, and 8.8; and stored at 37°C and 44°C. Ion release was measured after 1-, 7-, and 28-days using ion chromatography (fluoride and phosphate ions) and mass spectrometry (calcium ions).
Ion release from dental restorative materials was significantly influenced by pH, temperature, and exposure duration. All materials tested exhibited consistent pH trends, with an increase in acidic conditions and stabilization in neutral and basic environments. Fluoride release was notably affected by pH and exposure time ( < 0.001), with showing the highest fluoride release (34.59 ± 0.63 mg/L) in a basic environment at 37°C. had a maximum release of 3.55 ± 0.24 mg/L, and reached 7.67 ± 0.49 mg/L after 28 days at 44°C in an acidic medium. Phosphate release remained stable, while calcium ion release varied significantly among materials. had the highest calcium release (14.35 ± 0.45 mg/L) in a basic environment, and showed the highest calcium concentration (30.60 ± 0.73 mg/L) in neutral conditions.
The study highlights the relevance of ion-releasing from some bioactive dental restorative materials commonly employed also for managing Class V cervical lesions and promote remineralization in aging oral environments. Materials tested showed variable fluoride, calcium, and phosphate release depending on pH, temperature, and time. and exhibited higher fluoride release, supporting anti-caries potential.
随着老年患者颈部和牙根病变患病率的增加，能够释放生物活性离子的牙科填充材料在修复治疗中变得越来越重要。本研究通过在不同pH水平和温度条件下进行的测试，评估了不同修复材料（、和）对老年人群钙（Ca）、磷（PO）和氟（F）离子的释放情况。
根据制造商的说明制备试样（直径10 mm，厚度2 mm；每种材料=3个），将其浸入pH值为4.8、6.8和8.8的缓冲溶液中；并在37°C和44°C下储存。在1天、7天和28天后，使用离子色谱法（氟化物和磷酸盐离子）和质谱法（钙离子）测量离子释放量。
牙科修复材料的离子释放受到pH值、温度和暴露时间的显著影响。所有测试材料均呈现出一致的pH趋势，即在酸性条件下增加，在中性和碱性环境中稳定。氟化物释放明显受pH值和暴露时间的影响（<0.001），在37°C的碱性环境中，显示出最高的氟化物释放量（34.59±0.63 mg/L）。在44°C的酸性介质中，28天后的最大释放量为3.55±0.24 mg/L，在相同条件下达到7.67±0.49 mg/L。磷酸盐释放保持稳定，而钙离子释放在材料之间有显著差异。在碱性环境中，的钙释放量最高（14.35±0.45 mg/L），在中性条件下，显示出最高的钙浓度（30.60±0.73 mg/L）。
该研究强调了一些常用于治疗V类颈部病变的生物活性牙科修复材料释放离子的相关性，并促进老化口腔环境中的再矿化。测试材料显示出根据pH值、温度和时间而变化的氟化物、钙和磷酸盐释放。和表现出较高的氟化物释放，支持其防龋潜力。
