Salem Mohamed, Robenson James
Department of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, USA.
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, AdventHealth Orlando, Orlando, USA.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 23;17(7):e88576. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88576. eCollection 2025 Jul.
The prognosis and treatment of prostate cancer are highly dependent on the involvement of nodes. The present study aimed to investigate the association between nodal involvement and various clinical parameters such as age, stage, grade, X-ray results, and acid phosphatase levels, respectively.
Fifty-three patients' datasets were analyzed, which included variables like age, stage, grade, X-ray results, and acid phosphatase levels. To find out relationships or differences among patients having and not having nodal involvement, descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and comparative analyses were used. This study used pre-collected data from the Rdatasets repository, where the data were anonymized prior to analysis in order to protect the confidentiality of patient information. Ethical standards and regulations were adhered to while performing all procedures.
Analysis indicated that 20 patients (37.7%) had nodal involvement in their tumors. Those with nodal involvement exhibited increased grades and stages of malignancy, as well as more frequent positive X-ray findings (e.g., acid phosphatase elevation), compared to patients without nodal involvement. However, the statistical significance of these differences could not be confirmed due to the absence of corresponding p-values or confidence intervals. These diagnostic markers often occur together; hence, there is a strong positive correlation between X-ray results and acid phosphatase levels (r = 0.80). Additionally, older patients showed lower chances of getting positive X-rays as well as acid phosphate outcomes, as evidenced by these moderate negative correlations (r = -0.37; r = -0.52, respectively).
Nodal involvement in prostate cancer is associated with significantly higher cancer stages as well as grades alongside positive diagnostic markers, including X-ray results or even acid phosphatase levels. Thus, it is very important for comprehensive diagnostic evaluations to be done when managing prostate cancer cases because this issue calls for attention, according to our findings. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms responsible for the observed associations, particularly the role of nodal involvement in malignancy progression. Future studies should also aim to validate these findings in larger, multiethnic populations and explore longitudinal outcomes to better understand causality and clinical implications.
前列腺癌的预后和治疗高度依赖于淋巴结受累情况。本研究旨在分别探讨淋巴结受累与年龄、分期、分级、X线检查结果及酸性磷酸酶水平等各种临床参数之间的关联。
分析了53例患者的数据集，其中包括年龄、分期、分级、X线检查结果及酸性磷酸酶水平等变量。为了找出有或无淋巴结受累患者之间的关系或差异，采用了描述性统计、相关性分析和比较分析。本研究使用了来自Rdatasets数据库的预先收集的数据，在分析之前对数据进行了匿名处理，以保护患者信息的保密性。在执行所有程序时均遵守了伦理标准和规定。
分析表明，20例患者（37.7%）的肿瘤存在淋巴结受累。与无淋巴结受累的患者相比，有淋巴结受累的患者恶性程度分级和分期更高，X线检查阳性结果（如酸性磷酸酶升高）也更常见。然而，由于缺乏相应的p值或置信区间，这些差异的统计学意义无法得到证实。这些诊断标志物常同时出现；因此，X线检查结果与酸性磷酸酶水平之间存在很强的正相关性（r = 0.80）。此外，老年患者X线检查阳性及酸性磷酸酶结果为阳性的几率较低，这些中度负相关性（分别为r = -0.37；r = -0.52）证明了这一点。
前列腺癌的淋巴结受累与显著更高的癌症分期、分级以及包括X线检查结果甚至酸性磷酸酶水平在内的阳性诊断标志物相关。因此，根据我们的研究结果，在处理前列腺癌病例时进行全面的诊断评估非常重要，因为这个问题需要引起关注。需要进一步研究以阐明导致观察到的关联的潜在生物学机制，特别是淋巴结受累在恶性肿瘤进展中的作用。未来的研究还应旨在在更大的多民族人群中验证这些发现，并探索纵向结果，以更好地理解因果关系和临床意义。
