Xi Junchun, Zhao Bohui, Lv Yang, Yuan Yongfeng, Du Pingfan
College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
College of Machinery Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 Sep 10;17(36):50765-50775. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c12067. Epub 2025 Aug 27.
The shuttle effect, low electrical conductivity, and sluggish reaction kinetics of sulfur significantly limit the practical application of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. In this study, high-entropy alloy nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon nanocages and supported by carbon fibers (HEA@NC/CF) are prepared as an interlayer material in Li-S batteries to address these challenges. The HEA nanoparticles provide abundant adsorption and catalytic sites. The enhanced surface properties of HEA are essential for accelerating sulfur reactions and inhibiting the shuttle effect. Additionally, the stable and conductive carbon fiber network offers robust support for the interlayer and enhances electron transfer. Meanwhile, the core-shell structure of HEA@NC effectively serves as a "trapping-conversion" reaction space for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), along with the phase stabilization of HEA, ensuring the cycling stability of cells. These combined advantages lead to significant improvements in the sulfur reaction kinetics, Li diffusion rate, and cycling stability. The Li-S cells assembled with HEA@NC/CF exhibit outstanding performance, retaining a capacity of 1128 mAh g after 300 cycles at 0.2 C and 913 mAh g after 500 cycles at 1.0 C. Furthermore, the cells still deliver a reversible capacity of 773 mAh g even at a high current density of 2.0 C.
硫的穿梭效应、低电导率和迟缓的反应动力学显著限制了锂硫（Li-S）电池的实际应用。在本研究中，制备了封装在碳纳米笼中并由碳纤维支撑的高熵合金纳米颗粒（HEA@NC/CF）作为Li-S电池的中间层材料，以应对这些挑战。HEA纳米颗粒提供了丰富的吸附和催化位点。HEA增强的表面性质对于加速硫反应和抑制穿梭效应至关重要。此外，稳定且导电的碳纤维网络为中间层提供了强大的支撑，并增强了电子转移。同时，HEA@NC的核壳结构有效地作为多硫化锂（LiPSs）的“捕获-转化”反应空间，伴随着HEA的相稳定，确保了电池的循环稳定性。这些综合优势导致硫反应动力学、锂扩散速率和循环稳定性得到显著改善。组装有HEA@NC/CF的Li-S电池表现出优异的性能，在0.2 C下300次循环后容量保持在1128 mAh g，在1.0 C下500次循环后容量保持在913 mAh g。此外，即使在2.0 C的高电流密度下，电池仍能提供773 mAh g的可逆容量。
