Cadoni Gabriella, Rizzuti Alberta, Sollazzo Michela, Picciotti Pasqualina Maria, Galli Jacopo
ENT Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
J Pers Med. 2025 Aug 15;15(8):379. doi: 10.3390/jpm15080379.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) represents a challenging clinical entity with variable prognosis. Audiometric curve configuration has been proposed as a predictor of recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the association between audiogram morphology at onset and hearing outcome in patients with idiopathic unilateral SSNHL treated with standardized therapy. We retrospectively analyzed 156 patients with idiopathic SSNHL. Hearing thresholds at key frequencies were measured at baseline and 4 weeks post-treatment. Patients were categorized into upsloping, flat, downsloping, or U-shaped audiogram subgroups. Recovery was classified into four levels. Comparisons were made across subgroups for audiometric and laboratory data using ANOVA and chi-square tests. Baseline PTA values were comparable across audiogram subgroups ( = 0.12). Hearing recovery differed significantly according to audiogram configuration (chi-square, < 0.001), with upsloping and U-shaped patterns showing the best outcomes. Flat and downsloping curves were associated with poorer recovery, lower HDL, and elevated NLR values. Audiogram configuration is a relevant prognostic marker in SSNHL. Patterns linked to adverse metabolic and inflammatory profiles may benefit from tailored treatment strategies in a personalized medicine framework.
突发性感音神经性听力损失（SSNHL）是一种临床情况复杂、预后不一的疾病。听力学曲线形态已被提议作为恢复情况的预测指标。本研究旨在评估接受标准化治疗的特发性单侧SSNHL患者发病时听力图形态与听力结果之间的关联。我们回顾性分析了156例特发性SSNHL患者。在基线和治疗后4周测量关键频率的听力阈值。患者被分为听力图呈上升型、平坦型、下降型或U型的亚组。恢复情况分为四个等级。使用方差分析和卡方检验对各亚组的听力测定和实验室数据进行比较。各听力图亚组的基线纯音平均听阈（PTA）值具有可比性（ = 0.12）。听力恢复情况根据听力图形态有显著差异（卡方检验， < 0.001），上升型和U型模式显示出最佳结果。平坦型和下降型曲线与恢复较差、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）较低以及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）升高有关。听力图形态是SSNHL的一个相关预后指标。与不良代谢和炎症特征相关的模式可能在个性化医疗框架中受益于量身定制的治疗策略。
