Tian Wenjie, Li Yuhua, Zhang Yani, Zhang Yiming, Qin Yiran, Han Yalin, Li Dongxian, Wang Shuai, Yang Zhenke, Tian Xiaowei, Mei Xuefang, Zhang Zhenchao
Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, PR China - Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, PR China.
Parasite. 2025;32:56. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2025051. Epub 2025 Aug 27.
Trichomoniasis is a globally prevalent sexually transmitted disease; however, comprehensive data on its global prevalence and incidence are relatively limited. In this study, we systematically retrieved relevant articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Ovid-Medline, and Web of Science to analyze the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and its association with various infection risk factors. Among 5,437 publications released between 1992 and 2023, 425 articles focusing on the epidemiology of T. vaginalis were identified. The results revealed a global prevalence rate of T. vaginalis of 8% (95% CI: 7%-10%), with country-specific rates ranging from 1% to 35%. The prevalence of T. vaginalis was significantly higher in the behavioral subgroups, including smoking, drug use, and not using condoms, compared to the non-infection group, with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.67 (95% CI: 1.39-2.0). Furthermore, the prevalence of T. vaginalis was significantly higher in the group with other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, HSV, and Chlamydia infection compared to the non-infection group, with a pooled OR of 2.01 (95% CI: 1.48-2.72). Finally, socioeconomic factors such as being unmarried, having a low income, and unstable employment were associated with an increased risk of T. vaginalis infection, with a pooled OR of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.10-1.66). This study has significant public health relevance for the prevention and control of trichomoniasis.
滴虫病是一种全球流行的性传播疾病；然而，关于其全球患病率和发病率的全面数据相对有限。在本研究中，我们系统地从PubMed、谷歌学术、Scopus、Ovid-Medline和科学网检索了相关文章，以分析阴道毛滴虫的患病率及其与各种感染风险因素的关联。在1992年至2023年发表的5437篇出版物中，确定了425篇关注阴道毛滴虫流行病学的文章。结果显示，阴道毛滴虫的全球患病率为8%（95%置信区间：7%-10%），各国患病率从1%到35%不等。与未感染组相比，行为亚组（包括吸烟、吸毒和不使用避孕套）中阴道毛滴虫的患病率显著更高，合并优势比（OR）为1.67（95%置信区间：1.39-2.0）。此外，与未感染组相比，包括艾滋病毒、单纯疱疹病毒和衣原体感染在内的其他性传播感染（STIs）组中阴道毛滴虫的患病率显著更高，合并OR为2.01（95%置信区间：1.48-2.72）。最后，未婚、低收入和就业不稳定等社会经济因素与阴道毛滴虫感染风险增加相关联，合并OR为1.36（95%置信区间：1.10-1.66）。本研究对滴虫病的预防和控制具有重要的公共卫生意义。
