Lueangaramkul Varanya, Termthongthot Pratipa, Mana Natjira, Panichayupakaranant Pharkphoom, Semkum Ploypailin, Lekcharoensuk Porntippa, Theerawatanasirikul Sirin
Graduate Program in Animal Health and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Aug 18;15(16):2417. doi: 10.3390/ani15162417.
Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), caused by a mutated form of feline coronavirus, poses a significant threat to feline health worldwide, with limited therapeutic options available. This study investigated the antiviral potential of α-mangostin (α-MG) and its enriched extracts (AMEs), obtained via microwave-assisted extraction, against FIPV. We evaluated their cytotoxicity, direct virucidal activity, and antiviral activity in CRFK cells. Both α-MG and AMEs demonstrated significant antiviral activity, with EC values from 2.71 to 2.88 μg/mL and favorable selectivity indices (3.25-3.66). Notably, AMEs exhibited direct virucidal effects, effectively reducing viral titers. Furthermore, treatment with these compounds significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine expression (IFN-β, TNF-α, and IL-6 mRNA levels) and decreased viral loads in FIPV-infected cells. Drug combination studies using the ZIP model revealed enhanced cooperative effects when AMEs and α-MG were combined with GC-376 or GS-441524, with GC-376 combinations showing particularly strong synergistic potential. These findings suggest that α-MG and AMEs are promising candidates for FIPV treatment, either as monotherapy or in combination therapy. This study provides insights into developing novel therapeutic strategies to combat FIPV infections and offers a foundation for future veterinary antiviral drug development.
猫传染性腹膜炎病毒（FIPV）由猫冠状病毒的一种突变形式引起，对全球猫的健康构成重大威胁，且可用的治疗选择有限。本研究调查了通过微波辅助提取获得的α-山竹素（α-MG）及其富集提取物（AMEs）对FIPV的抗病毒潜力。我们评估了它们在猫肾传代细胞（CRFK细胞）中的细胞毒性、直接杀病毒活性和抗病毒活性。α-MG和AMEs均表现出显著的抗病毒活性，其半数有效浓度（EC）值为2.71至2.88μg/mL，且具有良好的选择性指数（3.25 - 3.66）。值得注意的是，AMEs表现出直接杀病毒作用，有效降低了病毒滴度。此外，用这些化合物处理显著降低了炎性细胞因子表达（干扰素-β、肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-6的mRNA水平），并降低了FIPV感染细胞中的病毒载量。使用ZIP模型进行的药物联合研究表明，当AMEs和α-MG与GC - 376或GS - 441524联合使用时，协同作用增强，其中与GC - 376联合显示出特别强的协同潜力。这些发现表明，α-MG和AMEs无论是作为单一疗法还是联合疗法，都是治疗FIPV的有前途的候选药物。本研究为开发对抗FIPV感染的新型治疗策略提供了见解，并为未来兽医抗病毒药物开发奠定了基础。
