Nikolaeva Alexandra F, Nemtsova Marina V, Pustovalova Anna V, Sigin Vladimir O
Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia.
Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Aug 20;26(16):8067. doi: 10.3390/ijms26168067.
Obesity represents a global medical and social challenge characterized by pathological accumulation of adipose tissue as a result of complex interactions among genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors. Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of this condition, including abnormal DNA methylation of metabolic genes, dysregulation of microRNAs, and chromatin remodeling. These modifications are reversible and can be modulated by dietary, behavioral, and pharmacological interventions. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of tissue-specific epigenetic alterations identified not only in adipocytes and hepatocytes but also in peripheral blood cells, offering promising opportunities for the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and targeted epigenetic therapeutic strategies.
肥胖是一项全球性的医学和社会挑战，其特征是由于遗传、环境和表观遗传因素之间的复杂相互作用导致脂肪组织病理性堆积。最近的研究强调了表观遗传机制在这种疾病发病机制中的关键作用，包括代谢基因的异常DNA甲基化、微小RNA的失调以及染色质重塑。这些修饰是可逆的，并且可以通过饮食、行为和药物干预进行调节。本综述全面分析了不仅在脂肪细胞和肝细胞中，而且在外周血细胞中发现的组织特异性表观遗传改变，为开发新型诊断生物标志物和靶向表观遗传治疗策略提供了有前景的机会。
