Meermans Geert, van Egmond Jeroen C
Department of Orthopaedics, Bravis Hospital, Boerhaavelaan 25, 4708 AE Roosendaal, The Netherlands.
J Clin Med. 2025 Aug 11;14(16):5662. doi: 10.3390/jcm14165662.
: Malnutrition is highly prevalent among older patients with hip fractures and significantly impacts recovery and survival. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical consequences of malnutrition in hip fracture patients, along with diagnostic tools and nutritional interventions. : A literature search of studies from 2000 to 2025 identified consistent associations between malnutrition-defined using tools such as the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and serum albumin levels-and increased risks of postoperative complications, prolonged hospital stays, functional decline, and mortality. Pathophysiological mechanisms include sarcopenia, systemic inflammation, and impaired bone metabolism. : Notably, malnutrition is associated with fracture type, with low lean body mass and poor nutritional status correlating with intracapsular femoral neck fractures. : Interventional studies demonstrate that oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) reduces complications and improves biochemical parameters but shows mixed effects on long-term mortality and function. The findings support routine nutritional screening and early intervention in older hip fracture patients to improve outcomes and reduce the healthcare burden.
营养不良在老年髋部骨折患者中非常普遍，并且对康复和生存有显著影响。这篇叙述性综述综合了目前关于髋部骨折患者营养不良的患病率、病理生理学、临床后果以及诊断工具和营养干预措施的证据。：对2000年至2025年的研究进行文献检索发现，使用如微型营养评定法（MNA）、老年营养风险指数（GNRI）和血清白蛋白水平等工具定义的营养不良与术后并发症风险增加、住院时间延长、功能衰退和死亡率之间存在一致的关联。病理生理机制包括肌肉减少症、全身炎症和骨代谢受损。：值得注意的是，营养不良与骨折类型有关，瘦体重低和营养状况差与囊内股骨颈骨折相关。：干预性研究表明，口服营养补充剂（ONS）可减少并发症并改善生化指标，但对长期死亡率和功能的影响不一。这些发现支持对老年髋部骨折患者进行常规营养筛查和早期干预，以改善预后并减轻医疗负担。
