护理工作生活质量、工作能力指数与离职意愿及职业意向之间的关联：克罗地亚护士的横断面研究
Associations Between Quality of Nursing Work Life, Work Ability Index and Intention to Leave the Workplace and Profession: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Nurses in Croatia.
作者信息
Čukljek Snježana, Babić Janko, Ilić Boris, Režić Slađana, Filipović Biljana, Pavić Jadranka, Švigir Ana Marija, Smrekar Martina
机构信息
Department of Nursing, University of Applied Health Sciences, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Jul 30;22(8):1192. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22081192.
INTRODUCTION
Nurses are the largest group of healthcare workers, and healthcare managers should pay attention to the quality of work life and the health and working capacity of nurses in order to ensure a sufficient number of nurses and a stable workforce.
AIM
The present study aimed to determine nurses' quality of work life, work ability index and intention to leave the nursing profession and to examine the associations between nurses' quality of work life, work ability index and intention to leave the nursing profession.
METHODS
An online cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 498 nurses completed the instrument, consisting of demographic data, Brooks' Quality of Nursing Work Life Survey (BQNWL), Work Ability Index Questionnaire (WAIQ) and questions on their intention to leave their current job or the nursing profession.
RESULTS
Most nurses had a moderate quality of work life (QWL) (73.7%) and a good work ability index (WAI) (43.78%). Men ( = 0.047), nurses who study ( = 0.021), nurses who do not have children ( = 0.000) and nurses who do not take care of their parents ( = 0.000) have a statistically significantly higher total WAIQ score. Most nurses (61.1%) had considered changing jobs in the last 12 months, and 36.9% had considered leaving the nursing profession. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the total BQNWL and the total WAI. The study found no correlation between QWL, WAI and intention to change jobs or leave the profession, which was unexpected.
CONCLUSIONS
To ensure the provision of necessary nursing care and a healthy working environment for nurses, it is necessary to regularly monitor QWL and WAI and take measures to ensure the highest quality of working life. Further longitudinal and mixed-methods research is needed to understand the relationship between QWL, WAI and intention to leave.
引言
护士是医护人员中最大的群体，医疗保健管理人员应关注护士的工作生活质量以及健康和工作能力，以确保有足够数量的护士和稳定的劳动力队伍。
目的
本研究旨在确定护士的工作生活质量、工作能力指数和离开护理职业的意愿，并探讨护士的工作生活质量、工作能力指数与离开护理职业意愿之间的关联。
方法
进行了一项在线横断面研究。共有498名护士完成了该调查问卷，问卷包括人口统计学数据、布鲁克斯护理工作生活质量调查（BQNWL）、工作能力指数问卷（WAIQ）以及关于他们离开当前工作或护理职业意愿的问题。
结果
大多数护士的工作生活质量（QWL）中等（73.7%），工作能力指数（WAI）良好（43.78%）。男性（P = 0.047）、正在学习的护士（P = 0.021）、没有孩子的护士（P = 0.000）以及不照顾父母的护士（P = 0.000）的WAIQ总分在统计学上显著更高。大多数护士（61.1%）在过去12个月内考虑过换工作，36.9%考虑过离开护理职业。在BQNWL总分与WAI总分之间发现了统计学上显著的正相关。研究发现QWL、WAI与换工作或离开职业的意愿之间没有相关性，这是出乎意料的。
结论
为确保为护士提供必要的护理服务和健康的工作环境，有必要定期监测QWL和WAI，并采取措施确保最高质量的工作生活。需要进一步开展纵向和混合方法研究，以了解QWL、WAI与离开意愿之间的关系。
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