Savino Francesco, Calvi Cristina, Gambarino Stefano, Dini Maddalena, Pau Anna, Montanari Paola, Clemente Anna, Galliano Ilaria, Bergallo Massimiliano
Early Infancy Special Care Unit, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Pediatric Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Genes (Basel). 2025 Jul 22;16(8):851. doi: 10.3390/genes16080851.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children under two years of age. NF-κB is a key transcription factor in antiviral and inflammatory responses. This study investigates the expression of NF-κB mRNA in both blood and buccal swab samples of pediatric patients hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis, comparing levels at admission and discharge.
Paired peripheral blood and buccal swab samples were collected from pediatric patients ( = 85) at hospital admission and discharge. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess NF-κB mRNA levels.
NF-κB mRNA levels significantly decreased in blood between admission and discharge ( < 0.05), while no significant change was observed in buccal swabs.
These results suggest a compartment-specific regulation of NF-κB, with systemic inflammatory resolution at discharge and persistent or distinct mucosal immune activity. Understanding these dynamics may improve our approach to monitoring and treating RSV bronchiolitis.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）毛细支气管炎是两岁以下儿童下呼吸道感染的主要原因。核因子κB（NF-κB）是抗病毒和炎症反应中的关键转录因子。本研究调查因RSV毛细支气管炎住院的儿科患者血液和口腔拭子样本中NF-κB mRNA的表达情况，比较入院时和出院时的水平。
在入院时和出院时从儿科患者（n = 85）采集配对的外周血和口腔拭子样本。采用定量实时聚合酶链反应评估NF-κB mRNA水平。
入院和出院之间血液中NF-κB mRNA水平显著降低（P < 0.05），而口腔拭子中未观察到显著变化。
这些结果表明NF-κB存在特定部位的调节，出院时全身炎症消退，黏膜免疫活动持续或不同。了解这些动态变化可能会改善我们对RSV毛细支气管炎的监测和治疗方法。
