Du Yuzhe, Scheibener Shane, Zhu Yu-Cheng, Pierce Calvin, Perera Omaththage P, Portilla Maribel
Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
Pollinator Health in Southern Crop Ecosystems Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
Insects. 2025 Jul 23;16(8):757. doi: 10.3390/insects16080757.
The tarnished plant bug, (TPB), (Palisot de Beauvois), and the western tarnished plant bug (WTPB), , Knight, are major agricultural pests that cause significant damage to a wide range of crops in the southeastern and southwestern United States. Flonicamid (commercial name: Carbine 50WG) is generally effective against various sap-feeding pests, including both and . This study evaluated the toxicity of flonicamid on third-instar nymphs and adults of both species under laboratory conditions. Two bioassay methods were used: spray application to assess both contact and oral toxicity, and dipping to evaluate oral toxicity. Results showed that was significantly more susceptible to flonicamid than across both bioassay methods. While no significant differences in toxicity were observed between spray and dipping assays, third-instar nymphs exhibited significantly higher sensitivity than adults in both species. The addition of piperonyl butoxide (PBO), a known inhibitor of cytochrome P450-monooxygenases (P450s), significantly enhanced the toxicity of flonicamid, suggesting that P450 enzyme plays a critical role in its detoxification. Sublethal exposure to flonicamid also induced increased P450 activity in both species. These findings provide valuable insights into the differences in susceptibility between and to flonicamid and indicate that P450-mediated detoxification is critical for flonicamid metabolism. Such insights are valuable for early resistance monitoring and optimizing flonicamid application in integrated pest management programs.
牧草盲蝽（TPB），（Palisot de Beauvois），以及西部牧草盲蝽（WTPB），（Knight），是主要的农业害虫，在美国东南部和西南部对多种作物造成重大损害。氟啶虫酰胺（商品名：Carbine 50WG）通常对包括TPB和WTPB在内的各种刺吸式害虫有效。本研究在实验室条件下评估了氟啶虫酰胺对两种牧草盲蝽的三龄若虫和成虫的毒性。使用了两种生物测定方法：喷雾施用以评估接触毒性和口服毒性，浸液法以评估口服毒性。结果表明，在两种生物测定方法中，TPB对氟啶虫酰胺的敏感性均显著高于WTPB。虽然喷雾试验和浸液试验之间未观察到毒性的显著差异，但两种牧草盲蝽的三龄若虫均表现出比成虫更高的敏感性。添加已知的细胞色素P450单加氧酶（P450s）抑制剂胡椒基丁醚（PBO）显著增强了氟啶虫酰胺的毒性，表明P450酶在其解毒过程中起关键作用。亚致死剂量接触氟啶虫酰胺也诱导了两种牧草盲蝽P450活性的增加。这些发现为TPB和WTPB对氟啶虫酰胺的敏感性差异提供了有价值的见解，并表明P450介导的解毒对于氟啶虫酰胺的代谢至关重要。这些见解对于早期抗性监测以及在综合虫害管理计划中优化氟啶虫酰胺的应用具有重要价值。
