Mulvihill S J, Stone M M, Debas H T, Fonkalsrud E W
J Pediatr Surg. 1985 Dec;20(6):668-72. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3468(85)80021-x.
The contribution of amniotic fluid to fetal growth and gastrointestinal tract development was studied in a rabbit model. In the fetal rabbit, at 23 days gestation, 3 conditions were surgically produced: (1) prevention of swallowing of amniotic fluid by esophageal ligation (n = 8); (2) esophageal ligation but insertion of an esophageal cannula distally to allow continuous infusion into the stomach of bovine amniotic fluid to mimic fetal swallowing (n = 7); and (3) sham operation (n = 7). Fetuses were delivered by Caesarean section at 28 days gestation. Esophageal ligation resulted in significant reductions of birth weight and crown-rump length and a trend to decreased liver weight when compared to sham operated controls. Additionally, marked reductions in gastric and intestinal tissue weight and gastric acidity were found following esophageal ligation. These reductions in both somatic and gastrointestinal tract growth and gastric function were reversed by infusion of amniotic fluid intragastrically. We conclude that amniotic fluid provides 10% to 14% of the nutritional requirements of the normal fetus, and that amniotic fluid contains a potent and as yet undefined gastrointestinal tract trophic factor.
在兔模型中研究了羊水对胎儿生长和胃肠道发育的作用。在妊娠23天的胎兔中，通过手术制造了3种情况：（1）通过食管结扎防止吞咽羊水（n = 8）；（2）食管结扎，但在远端插入食管插管以允许持续向胃内输注牛羊水以模拟胎儿吞咽（n = 7）；以及（3）假手术（n = 7）。在妊娠28天时通过剖宫产分娩胎儿。与假手术对照组相比，食管结扎导致出生体重和顶臀长度显著降低，肝脏重量有降低趋势。此外，食管结扎后发现胃和肠组织重量以及胃酸度显著降低。通过胃内输注羊水可逆转这些躯体和胃肠道生长以及胃功能的降低。我们得出结论，羊水提供了正常胎儿10%至14%的营养需求，并且羊水中含有一种强大且尚未明确的胃肠道营养因子。
