He Dongmei, Li Liwen, Zhou Runyang, Qiu Sumei, Xing Wei, Yuan Yingdan
Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153, China.
Yancheng Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Positioning Observation Station in Jiangsu Province, Yancheng 224136, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Aug 7;13(8):1843. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13081843.
Urban wetlands play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance, carbon sequestration, and water purification. Sediments are key carriers for wetlands to store elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the aquatic environment. This study analyzed different sediment layers of seven wetlands in Yangzhou, aiming to explore the relationship between physicochemical factors and microbial communities in wetland sediments, as well as to predict the functions of microbial communities. Functional prediction of microbial communities was conducted based on amplicon sequencing analysis, and the neutral community model was used to determine the formation and evolution process of microbial communities. The results showed that in three wetlands, namely Zhuyu Bay (ZYW), Luyang Lake (LYH), and Runyang Wetland (RYSD), the contents of carbon components (total carbon, total soluble carbon, microbial biomass carbon) in the 0-20 cm sediment layer were higher, while the carbon component contents in Baoying Lake (BYH) showed the opposite trend. Among them, the contents of total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium, and available potassium in the 0-20 cm sediment layer of Runyang Wetland (RYSD) were significantly the highest. This indicates that in Runyang Wetland (RYSD), the 0-20 cm layer has more abundant carbon components and mineral nutrients compared to the 20-40 cm layer. Among the seven wetlands, it was found that the content of total potassium was all greater than 10 g/kg, which was much higher than the contents of total phosphorus and total nitrogen. Analysis of microbial communities revealed that the dominant archaeal phyla were Thaumarchaeota and Euryarchaeota, and the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria. The distribution of functional genes was mainly concentrated in Zhuyu Bay (ZYW) and Luyang Lake (LYH). Zhuyu Bay Wetland (ZYW) had potential advantages in light utilization function, and Luyang Lake (LYH) had potential advantages in carbon and nitrogen cycle functions. The assembly process of the archaeal community was mainly affected by stochastic processes, while the bacterial community was mainly affected by deterministic processes. However, water content, total phosphorus, and available potassium all had strong correlations with both archaeal and bacterial communities. The research results preliminarily reveal the connections between the physicochemical properties of sediments, microbial communities, and their potential functions in Yangzhou urban wetlands, providing an important scientific basis for the protection and management of wetland ecosystems.
城市湿地在维持生态平衡、碳固存和水质净化方面发挥着关键作用。沉积物是湿地在水生环境中储存碳、氮和磷等元素的关键载体。本研究分析了扬州七个湿地的不同沉积层，旨在探索湿地沉积物中理化因子与微生物群落之间的关系，以及预测微生物群落的功能。基于扩增子测序分析对微生物群落进行功能预测，并使用中性群落模型来确定微生物群落的形成和演化过程。结果表明，在三个湿地，即茱萸湾（ZYW）、芦扬湖（LYH）和润扬湿地（RYSD）中，0 - 20厘米沉积层中的碳组分（总碳、总可溶性碳、微生物生物量碳）含量较高，而宝应湖（BYH）中的碳组分含量则呈现相反趋势。其中，润扬湿地（RYSD）0 - 20厘米沉积层中的总氮、碱解氮、总磷、有效磷、全钾和有效钾含量显著最高。这表明在润扬湿地（RYSD）中，与20 - 40厘米层相比，0 - 20厘米层具有更丰富的碳组分和矿质营养。在七个湿地中，发现全钾含量均大于10克/千克，远高于总磷和总氮的含量。微生物群落分析表明，优势古菌门为奇古菌门和广古菌门，优势细菌门为变形菌门和酸杆菌门。功能基因的分布主要集中在茱萸湾（ZYW）和芦扬湖（LYH）。茱萸湾湿地（ZYW）在光利用功能方面具有潜在优势，芦扬湖（LYH）在碳和氮循环功能方面具有潜在优势。古菌群落的组装过程主要受随机过程影响，而细菌群落主要受确定性过程影响。然而，含水量、总磷和有效钾与古菌和细菌群落均具有很强的相关性。研究结果初步揭示了扬州城市湿地沉积物的理化性质、微生物群落及其潜在功能之间的联系，为湿地生态系统的保护和管理提供了重要的科学依据。
