Vamvakis Anastasios, Lazaridis Antonios, Grammatikopoulou Maria G, Malliora Anastasia, Tsiroukidou Kyriaki, Tzimos Christos, Blasio Andrea Di, Izzicupo Pascal, Gkaliagkousi Eugenia
Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University of Crete, Tripitos Area (2nd km Sitia-Palekastro), GR-72300 Sitia, Greece.
1st Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Nutrients. 2025 Aug 14;17(16):2632. doi: 10.3390/nu17162632.
: In hypertension (HTN), lifestyle modification is important for controlling blood pressure (BP) and lipidemic profile. The HINTreat trial showed that an anti-inflammatory diet was associated with improved endothelial function, after six months of intensive nutritional treatment. : This post hoc analysis of the HINTreat trial examined how adherence to various nutritional patterns like the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and anti-inflammatory diet, had impact on the blood lipids profile and the CVD risk. Patients with stage 1 HTN, allocated either on intensive lifestyle treatment (ILT) or usual care (UC) standard treatment, participated in the analysis. From the original sample size of the HINTreat trial, all patients that were prescribed lipid lowering medication at any time of the study period were excluded from the total analysis; thus, the intervention and the control groups consisted of 33 and 28 patients, respectively. Nutritional intakes were assessed with repeated 24 h recalls from the previous day, and dietary indexes and scores were calculated as follows: MedDiet score, DASH index, and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). After six months of intervention, changes in the nutritional indexes and their effect on the lipidemic profile and CVD risk were analyzed. : In the ILT group, reductions were noted in Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) for day systolic BP (SBP) (-12.7 mmHg) and diastolic BP (DBP) (-8.4 mmHg), total cholesterol (TC) (-35.4 mg/dL), triglycerides (TG) (-21.4 mg/dL), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) (-27.5 mg/dL) concentrations, and CVD risk score (-1.5%), < 0.001 for all. Multiple regression analysis showed that dietary quality indices independently influenced improvements in blood lipid profile and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among patients receiving ILT. Specifically, a higher Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) score was significantly associated with reductions in TC (B = -7.238, < 0.001), TG (B = -4.103, = 0.035), and LDL-C (B = -6.431, = 0.004). The DASH index was positively associated with TG levels (B = 9.913, = 0.010), suggesting a more complex relationship that may require further investigation. In addition, DII was positively associated with increased CVD risk (B = 0.973, < 0.001). : The findings suggest that ILT can improve BP levels, target blood lipids concentrations, and reduce CVD risk in patients with stage 1 HTN.
在高血压（HTN）中，生活方式的改变对于控制血压（BP）和血脂状况很重要。HINTreat试验表明，经过六个月的强化营养治疗后，抗炎饮食与内皮功能改善相关。：这项对HINTreat试验的事后分析研究了坚持各种营养模式，如地中海饮食（MedDiet）、终止高血压饮食方法（DASH）饮食和抗炎饮食，对血脂状况和心血管疾病（CVD）风险的影响。1期高血压患者，被分配接受强化生活方式治疗（ILT）或常规护理（UC）标准治疗，参与了该分析。从HINTreat试验的原始样本量中，所有在研究期间任何时间被开具降脂药物的患者被排除在总体分析之外；因此，干预组和对照组分别由33名和28名患者组成。通过重复前一天24小时的回忆来评估营养摄入量，并计算饮食指数和得分如下：地中海饮食得分、DASH指数和饮食炎症指数（DII）。经过六个月的干预后，分析了营养指标的变化及其对血脂状况和CVD风险的影响。：在ILT组中，动态血压监测（ABPM）显示日间收缩压（SBP）（-12.7mmHg）和舒张压（DBP）（-8.4mmHg）、总胆固醇（TC）（-35.4mg/dL）、甘油三酯（TG）（-21.4mg/dL）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）（-27.5mg/dL）浓度以及CVD风险评分（-1.5%）均有降低，所有这些差异均<0.001。多元回归分析表明，饮食质量指数独立影响接受ILT患者的血脂状况改善和心血管疾病（CVD）风险。具体而言，较高的地中海饮食（MedDiet）得分与TC（B = -7.238，<0.001）、TG（B = -4.103，= 0.035）和LDL-C（B = -6.431，= 0.004）的降低显著相关。DASH指数与TG水平呈正相关（B = 9.913，= 0.010），这表明可能需要进一步研究的更复杂关系。此外，DII与CVD风险增加呈正相关（B = 0.973，<0.001）。：研究结果表明，ILT可以改善1期高血压患者的血压水平，降低血脂浓度，并降低CVD风险。
