Mehrani Yeganeh, Morovati Solmaz, Keivan Fatemeh, Tajik Tahmineh, Forouzanpour Diba, Shojaei Sina, Bridle Byram W, Karimi Khalil
Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Division of Biotechnology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran.
Pathogens. 2025 Aug 8;14(8):794. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14080794.
Two key players in the immune system, dendritic cells (DCs) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), interact in a crucial way to fight infectious diseases. DCs play a key role in recognizing pathogens, and ILCs respond to cytokines released by DCs. This response triggers the production of specific effector cytokines that help control pathogens and maintain the body's barrier integrity. DCs have various receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), that detect microbial components and trigger immune responses. Likewise, ILCs act as essential initial responders in the immune system in viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections. Successfully managing diseases caused by pathogens mainly depends on the combined actions of DCs and ILCs, which work to suppress and eliminate pathogens. DCs also play a crucial role in activating innate and adaptive immune cell subsets, including ILCs. Furthermore, the use of DCs in developing vaccines and immunotherapy for cancers, along with the dedication of many researchers to improve immune responses through DCs, has increased interest in the potential of DC therapies for treating and preventing infectious diseases. This review examines approaches that may enhance DC vaccines and boost anti-infection immune responses by fostering better interactions of DCs with ILCs.
免疫系统中的两个关键参与者，树突状细胞（DCs）和固有淋巴细胞（ILCs），以一种至关重要的方式相互作用以对抗传染病。DCs在识别病原体方面发挥关键作用，而ILCs对DCs释放的细胞因子做出反应。这种反应触发特定效应细胞因子的产生，有助于控制病原体并维持身体屏障的完整性。DCs具有多种受体，包括Toll样受体（TLRs），可检测微生物成分并触发免疫反应。同样，ILCs在病毒、细菌和寄生虫感染中作为免疫系统中重要的初始反应者发挥作用。成功控制由病原体引起的疾病主要取决于DCs和ILCs的联合作用，它们共同努力抑制和消除病原体。DCs在激活包括ILCs在内的固有和适应性免疫细胞亚群方面也起着关键作用。此外，DCs在开发癌症疫苗和免疫疗法中的应用，以及许多研究人员致力于通过DCs改善免疫反应，增加了人们对DC疗法治疗和预防传染病潜力的兴趣。本综述探讨了通过促进DCs与ILCs更好地相互作用来增强DC疫苗和提高抗感染免疫反应的方法。
