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癌症患者多次接种新冠病毒疫苗加强针后的循环严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2刺突蛋白IgG抗体反应

Circulating SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody responses in cancer patients following multiple COVID-19 vaccination boosters.

作者信息

Xue Huijing, Kemp Troy J, North Hayley, Roche Nancy V, Hickey Thomas E, Pinto Ligia A

机构信息

Vaccine, Immunity and Cancer Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2025 Aug 12;16:1629473. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1629473. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1629473
PMID:40873575
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12378708/
Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Individuals with cancer have a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe disease, hospitalization and death compared to healthy individuals. Understanding the immune response to different doses of COVID-19 vaccines in this population is essential to inform vaccine recommendations. This study aimed to compare the post-vaccination humoral immune response of people with cancer versus healthy participants via assessment of anti-spike IgG antibody levels and avidity 1 month and 6 months post-last vaccination.

METHODS

Circulating anti-spike IgG levels and antibody avidity were measured in sera from cancer and healthy cohorts using ELISA and chaotropic-based avidity assays.

RESULTS

In general, individuals with hematological cancers showed significantly lower antibody levels and avidity across two-, three- and four-doses compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, individuals with hematological cancers who received two doses of vaccine exhibited a significantly slower avidity development at both time points compared to healthy individuals. In contrast, individuals with solid cancers exhibited similar antibody levels and avidity compared to healthy participants. Factors including age, sex and vaccine received also influenced immune responses.

DISCUSSION

These findings suggest the need for customized vaccination strategies for vulnerable populations.

摘要

引言

与健康个体相比，癌症患者感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）、患重病、住院和死亡的风险更高。了解该人群对不同剂量新冠病毒疫苗的免疫反应对于制定疫苗接种建议至关重要。本研究旨在通过评估最后一次接种疫苗后1个月和6个月的抗刺突蛋白IgG抗体水平和亲和力，比较癌症患者与健康参与者接种疫苗后的体液免疫反应。

方法

使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和基于离液剂的亲和力测定法，测量癌症患者队列和健康队列血清中的循环抗刺突蛋白IgG水平和抗体亲和力。

结果

总体而言，与健康个体相比，血液系统癌症患者在接种两剂、三剂和四剂疫苗后，抗体水平和亲和力显著较低。此外，与健康个体相比，接种两剂疫苗的血液系统癌症患者在两个时间点的亲和力发展均显著较慢。相比之下，实体癌患者的抗体水平和亲和力与健康参与者相似。年龄、性别和接种疫苗等因素也会影响免疫反应。

讨论

这些发现表明，需要为弱势群体制定定制化的疫苗接种策略。

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