Chen Xu, Jia Lei, Wang Qiong, Wang Jia-Jun, Tian Yu, Zhang Zhen, Xie Long
State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Hongshan District, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, China.
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Aug 28;25(1):1381. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06691-y.
To investigate the disease burden of caries in primary teeth across global, 21 regions, and 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.
Data on caries in primary teeth from 1990 to 2021 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 Study. The global incidence, prevalence of caries in primary teeth associated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analyzed. The burden of the disease and temporal trends were quantified by calculating the age-standardized rate (ASR) and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs). To evaluate the distributional disparities in the burden of caries in primary teeth, the slope index of inequality (SII) was used. Additionally, a frontier analysis was performed to pinpoint areas for improvement and examine disparities between countries according to their levels of development.
From 1990 to 2021, the ASR of incidence, prevalence, and DALYs declined globally. In 2021, Eastern Europe had the highest ASR for the incidence and DALYs of caries in primary teeth, with Romania being the country bearing the greatest disease burden. The burden of caries in primary teeth was negatively associated with sociodemographic index (SDI) across the 21 GBD regions. The SII of each indicator decreased from 1990 to 2021. Many countries, regardless of their level of development, have considerable potential to reduce the burden of caries in primary teeth.
The global burden of caries in primary teeth is in a state of alleviation. However, health inequalities in caries in primary teeth related to SDI have continued for over 30 years. The high burden of caries in primary teeth is concentrated in low- and middle-income countries. Active and effective prevention and strong management strategies are needed in specific regions to reduce the burden of caries in primary teeth and achieve equity in health outcomes.
调查1990年至2021年全球、21个地区以及204个国家和地区乳牙龋病的疾病负担。
1990年至2021年乳牙龋病数据来自《2021年全球疾病负担研究》。分析了全球乳牙龋病的发病率、患病率及相关伤残调整生命年（DALYs）。通过计算年龄标准化率（ASR）和估计年百分比变化（EAPCs）对疾病负担和时间趋势进行量化。为评估乳牙龋病负担的分布差异，采用了不平等斜率指数（SII）。此外，进行了前沿分析以确定改进领域，并根据国家发展水平检查各国之间的差异。
1990年至2021年，全球发病率、患病率及DALYs的ASR均有所下降。2021年，东欧乳牙龋病发病率和DALYs的ASR最高，罗马尼亚是疾病负担最重的国家。在21个全球疾病负担地区，乳牙龋病负担与社会人口指数（SDI）呈负相关。各指标的SII从1990年至2021年有所下降。许多国家，无论其发展水平如何，在减轻乳牙龋病负担方面都有相当大的潜力。
全球乳牙龋病负担呈减轻态势。然而，与SDI相关的乳牙龋病健康不平等现象已持续30多年。乳牙龋病的高负担集中在低收入和中等收入国家。需要在特定地区采取积极有效的预防措施和强有力的管理策略，以减轻乳牙龋病负担并实现健康结果的公平性。
