Asgary Saeed, Akbarzadeh Baghban Alireza, Mahmoudi Afsah Fatemeh
Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Proteomics Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Iran Med. 2025 Jun 1;28(6):324-333. doi: 10.34172/aim.33209.
The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies highlight oral health as a significant global concern, particularly in regions such as Iran, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This study synthesizes GBD data on the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with dental caries and oral disorders to inform targeted interventions aimed at alleviating their burden and improving outcomes in these regions.
This study employs estimation techniques to comprehensively assess the occurrence and impact of dental caries in deciduous and permanent teeth, along with oral disorders across Iran, MENA, and globally. Data were drawn from the GBD site. We analyzed incidence, prevalence, and DALYs, utilizing disability weights with joinpoint regression models to inform public health interventions.
From 1990 to 2021, global and regional trends in dental caries and oral disorders were examined. Descriptive statistics illustrate significant regional disparities in incidence, prevalence, and DALYs. Globally, the incidence rate of caries in deciduous teeth decreased at an average annual percent change (AAPC) of -0.25% (95% CI: -0.30 to -0.20), while the MENA region and Iran showed AAPCs of -0.57% (-0.65 to -0.49) and -0.08% (-0.15 to -0.01), respectively. These trends highlight both progress and persistent disparities. The models reveal temporal changes in disease burden, with notable declines and fluctuations over time. These findings underscore persistent challenges in oral health, particularly in regions such as Iran and MENA, where socioeconomic conditions and healthcare access vary significantly.
This study underscores considerable regional variation in dental caries and oral disorders, emphasizing ongoing public health challenges. Demographic shifts and reduced sugar intake, influenced by sociopolitical factors like war, have significantly decreased the global burden of oral conditions since 1990. The findings underscore the urgency of integrating oral health into primary care systems, expanding subsidized fluoride programs in rural areas, and addressing socioeconomic barriers to dental access in MENA. Community-driven initiatives, such as school-based screenings and mobile dental clinics, should be prioritized in underserved regions.
全球疾病负担（GBD）研究强调口腔健康是一个重大的全球问题，尤其是在伊朗、中东和北非（MENA）等地区。本研究综合了与龋齿和口腔疾病相关的发病率、患病率和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）的GBD数据，以指导旨在减轻这些地区负担并改善结果的针对性干预措施。
本研究采用估计技术，全面评估伊朗、中东和北非以及全球范围内乳牙和恒牙龋齿的发生情况和影响，以及口腔疾病。数据来自GBD网站。我们分析了发病率、患病率和DALYs，利用残疾权重和连接点回归模型为公共卫生干预提供信息。
研究了1990年至2021年期间全球和区域龋齿及口腔疾病的趋势。描述性统计表明，发病率、患病率和DALYs存在显著的区域差异。在全球范围内，乳牙龋齿发病率以年均变化率（AAPC）-0.25%（95%CI：-0.30至-0.20）下降，而中东和北非地区以及伊朗的AAPC分别为-0.57%（-0.65至-0.49）和-0.08%（-0.15至-0.01）。这些趋势凸显了进步和持续存在的差异。模型揭示了疾病负担的时间变化，随着时间的推移有显著下降和波动。这些发现强调了口腔健康方面持续存在的挑战，特别是在伊朗和中东和北非等地区，那里的社会经济状况和医疗保健可及性差异很大。
本研究强调了龋齿和口腔疾病在区域上的显著差异，强调了持续存在的公共卫生挑战。自1990年以来，受战争等社会政治因素影响，人口结构变化和糖摄入量减少显著降低了全球口腔疾病负担。研究结果强调了将口腔健康纳入初级保健系统、在农村地区扩大补贴氟化物项目以及解决中东和北非地区获得牙科服务的社会经济障碍的紧迫性。在服务不足的地区，应优先开展社区驱动的举措，如学校筛查和流动牙科诊所。
