Efthimiou Themis Nikolas, Lewis Stephanie, Foster Sarah J, Wilks Charlotte E H, Dodd Michelle, Jiménez-Sánchez Lorena, Ropar Danielle, Ackerman Robert A, Sasson Noah J, Fletcher-Watson Sue, Crompton Catherine J
Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2025 Aug 29;20(8):e0330222. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0330222. eCollection 2025.
A growing body of research suggests that the behaviours and experiences of autistic and non-autistic people are influenced by whether they are interacting with someone of the same or different diagnostic status. However, little is known about the relationship between these behaviours and the experiences of rapport in matched and mixed neurotype dyads. Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, our pre-registered analyses examine how participants' and their partners' diagnostic statuses influence linguistic, behavioural, and kinematic indices, and how these relate to feelings of rapport among autistic and (n = 57; 17 self-diagnosed) non-autistic (n = 51) participants interacting within autistic (n = 20), non-autistic (n = 17), and mixed autistic-non-autistic (n = 17) dyads. We found that autistic participants reported lower rapport regardless of their partner's diagnostic status, though awareness of their partner's diagnostic status had a moderating effect. We observed a linguistic difference, autistic participants produced longer mean utterance lengths, these and other behavioural or kinematic indices did not mediate the relationship between diagnostic status and rapport across neurotypes. The current work highlights the need for a nuanced understanding of communication dynamics in autism.
越来越多的研究表明，自闭症患者和非自闭症患者的行为及经历会受到他们所互动的对象具有相同或不同诊断状况的影响。然而，对于这些行为与匹配和混合神经类型二元组中的融洽感体验之间的关系，我们却知之甚少。运用行为者-伙伴相互依赖模型，我们预先注册的分析考察了参与者及其伙伴的诊断状况如何影响语言、行为和运动学指标，以及这些指标与自闭症患者（n = 57；17名自我诊断者）和非自闭症患者（n = 51）在自闭症二元组（n = 20）、非自闭症二元组（n = 17）以及自闭症-非自闭症混合二元组（n = 17）中互动时的融洽感之间的关系。我们发现，无论伙伴的诊断状况如何，自闭症参与者报告的融洽感较低，不过对伙伴诊断状况的认知具有调节作用。我们观察到一种语言差异，自闭症参与者的平均话语长度更长，这些以及其他行为或运动学指标并未介导不同神经类型之间诊断状况与融洽感的关系。当前的研究强调了对自闭症中沟通动态进行细致入微理解的必要性。
