Zhu Jian, Yuan Yingdi, Sun Peiliang, Li Ning, Zhou Jun, Lu Songxian, Wang Peng, Wang Zhansheng, Du Junpeng
Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
Pediatr Surg Int. 2025 Aug 29;41(1):277. doi: 10.1007/s00383-025-06178-5.
To characterize neonatal simple ovarian cysts (SOCs) and determine the optimal timing for intervention based on real-world clinical outcomes.
A retrospective analysis included 163 neonates (195 SOCs) surgically managed at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2004 to 2024. SOCs were grouped by presence or absence of adverse outcomes and further stratified by diameter (< 30 mm, 30-40 mm, ≥ 40 mm). Clinical variables were analyzed, and logistic regression and ROC analysis were performed to identify predictive factors.
Among 195 SOCs, 105 (53.8%) had adverse outcomes including torsion, necrosis, autoamputation, or hemorrhage. Cysts in this group had significantly larger diameters (median 46.0 mm vs. 35.0 mm, P < 0.001) and longer diagnosis-to-intervention intervals (median 1.50 vs. 0.68 months, P < 0.001). Cysts ≥ 30 mm were strongly associated with adverse outcomes (OR = 17.1, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed maximum cyst diameter and delayed intervention as independent risk factors. ROC analysis showed good predictive value for diameter (AUC = 0.720) and moderate value for diagnosis-to-intervention interval (AUC = 0.637).
Our findings suggest that, in neonatal SOCs, a maximum diameter ≥ 30 mm is associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes, and longer diagnosis-to-intervention intervals may also be linked to higher risk. For neonates with SOCs-particularly those measuring ≥ 30 mm-early assessment and timely minimally invasive intervention may be considered when clinically appropriate.
对新生儿单纯性卵巢囊肿（SOCs）进行特征描述，并根据实际临床结果确定最佳干预时机。
一项回顾性分析纳入了2004年至2024年在郑州大学第三附属医院接受手术治疗的163例新生儿（195个SOCs）。SOCs根据是否存在不良结局进行分组，并进一步按直径（<30mm、30 - 40mm、≥40mm）分层。分析临床变量，并进行逻辑回归和ROC分析以确定预测因素。
在195个SOCs中，105个（53.8%）出现了包括扭转、坏死、自行截断或出血等不良结局。该组囊肿直径明显更大（中位数46.0mm对35.0mm，P<0.001），诊断至干预间隔更长（中位数1.50对0.68个月，P<0.001）。直径≥30mm的囊肿与不良结局密切相关（OR = 17.1，P<0.001）。多因素分析证实最大囊肿直径和延迟干预是独立危险因素。ROC分析显示直径具有良好的预测价值（AUC = 0.720），诊断至干预间隔具有中等预测价值（AUC = 0.637）。
我们的数据表明，在新生儿SOCs中，最大直径≥30mm与不良结局风险增加相关，更长的诊断至干预间隔也可能与更高风险相关。对于患有SOCs的新生儿，尤其是那些直径≥30mm的新生儿，在临床合适时可考虑早期评估并及时进行微创干预。
