儿童呼吸道合胞病毒与新型冠状病毒2型感染的比较：住院病例对比
[RSV versus SARS-CoV-2 in children : Comparison of hospitalised cases].
作者信息
Brey Alexandra Victoria, Pengg Florian, Frischer Thomas, Zacharasiewicz Angela
机构信息
Faculty for Medicine, Sigmund Freud Private University, Freudplatz 3, 1020, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Klinik Ottakring, Vienna, Austria, 1160.
出版信息
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2025 Sep 1. doi: 10.1007/s10354-025-01094-8.
SARS-CoV‑2 and RSV are common viral pathogens causing acute respiratory infections. While RSV often leads to severe cases in children under two years, severe Covid-19 cases in children are rare. This study analysed 264 hospitalised children (0-12 years) with SARS-CoV‑2 or RSV infections between September 2021 and March 2022. RSV infections were more severe than SARS-CoV‑2 infections: 55% of RSV patients required oxygen therapy compared to 9.5% of SARS-CoV-2 cases (p < 0.001). The duration of oxygen therapy was 2 ± 2.6 days for RSV and 0.3 ± 1.07 days for SARS-CoV‑2. RSV patients required significantly longer O therapy (p < 0.001) and had longer hospital stays (p < 0.001) than SARS-CoV‑2 Omicron cases. Compared to Delta, only the O therapy duration was significantly longer in RSV cases (p < 0.001). Delta patients had longer hospital stays than Omicron patients (p < 0.001).
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是引起急性呼吸道感染的常见病毒病原体。虽然呼吸道合胞病毒常导致两岁以下儿童出现重症病例，但儿童感染新冠病毒的重症病例却很罕见。本研究分析了2021年9月至2022年3月期间264例因感染SARS-CoV-2或RSV而住院的儿童（0至12岁）。呼吸道合胞病毒感染比SARS-CoV-2感染更为严重：55%的呼吸道合胞病毒感染患者需要吸氧治疗，而感染SARS-CoV-2的患者这一比例为9.5%（p<0.001）。呼吸道合胞病毒感染患者吸氧治疗的持续时间为2±2.6天，而感染SARS-CoV-2的患者为0.3±1.07天。与感染SARS-CoV-2奥密克戎毒株的患者相比，呼吸道合胞病毒感染患者需要的吸氧治疗时间显著更长（p<0.001），住院时间也更长（p<0.001）。与感染德尔塔毒株的患者相比，只有呼吸道合胞病毒感染患者的吸氧治疗持续时间显著更长（p<0.001）。感染德尔塔毒株的患者住院时间比感染奥密克戎毒株的患者更长（p<0.001）。
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