伊朗预防卫生用品走私中的行动者网络与利益相关者分析

Actor-network and stakeholder analysis in preventing health goods smuggling in Iran.

作者信息

Meymand Farzaneh Mahmoudi, Takian Amirhossein, Jaafaripooyan Ebrahim

机构信息

Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Education Development Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.

出版信息

Global Health. 2025 Sep 1;21(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s12992-025-01147-y.

DOI:10.1186/s12992-025-01147-y

PMID:40890846

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12400539/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The prevention of health goods smuggling requires the involvement of stakeholders from various sectors, including the executive, judicial, and legislative bodies. This may increase numerous challenges in designing, formulating, implementing, and evaluating any corrective interventions. The aim of this study is therefore to identify and analyze the network of stakeholders and actors having a likely voice and part in preventing the smuggling of health goods (PSHG) in Iran.

METHOD

We conducted actor network analysis in three phases: actor identification, actor classification, and actor relationship analysis. The participants were selected using purposive sampling from the executive, judiciary, and legislature bodies. We categorized the qualitative data using thematic analysis, and analyzed quantitative data using matrix drawing and actor-network analysis, facilitated by Gephi (version 0.9.7) and Excel (2013) software.

RESULTS

The study identified 60 actors with different levels of status, power, interest, and awareness. The most powerful and supportive actors were the security and judicial institutions and the Central Headquarters to Combat the Smuggling of Goods and Currency (CHCSGC). Despite their significant influence, neither citizens nor the private sector showed a willingness to take steps toward preventing the smuggling of medical goods. Other actors had moderate or low levels of support and power in policies to prevent the smuggling of health goods. The Social Network Analysis (SNA) showed that the density of social networks was low, indicating a lack of cooperation and adequate interaction among those actors.

CONCLUSION

Given the complex and multi-faceted nature of smuggling phenomenon, the policy makers and managers should take cognizance of the all actors’ diversity, roles and interactions. Subsequently, uncovering the reasons behind the players’ reluctance to participate, especially for such a critical issue, could strengthen the preventive actions towards smuggling, followed by a framework for meaningful stakeholder engagement, and appropriate support and incentive mechanisms.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12992-025-01147-y.

摘要

背景

预防卫生用品走私需要包括行政、司法和立法机构在内的各部门利益相关者的参与。这可能会在设计、制定、实施和评估任何纠正干预措施时带来诸多挑战。因此，本研究的目的是识别和分析在伊朗预防卫生用品走私（PSHG）中可能有发言权并发挥作用的利益相关者和行为者网络。

方法

我们分三个阶段进行行为者网络分析：行为者识别、行为者分类和行为者关系分析。参与者采用目的抽样法从行政、司法和立法机构中选取。我们使用主题分析对定性数据进行分类，并使用Gephi（0.9.7版）和Excel（2013）软件辅助，通过矩阵绘图和行为者网络分析对定量数据进行分析。

结果

该研究识别出60个具有不同地位、权力、利益和意识水平的行为者。最有权力和支持力的行为者是安全和司法机构以及打击货物和货币走私中央总部（CHCSGC）。尽管它们有重大影响，但公民和私营部门都没有表现出采取措施预防医疗用品走私的意愿。其他行为者在预防卫生用品走私政策中的支持和权力水平适中或较低。社会网络分析（SNA）表明，社会网络的密度较低，这表明这些行为者之间缺乏合作和充分互动。