Rezapour Ramin, Doroudi Taher, Azami-Aghdash Saber, Jafarzadeh Dariush, Derakhshani Naser
Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Research Center for Health Management in Mass Gathering, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jul 15;44(1):255. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-01016-9.
Natural disasters and crises persistently affect human societies, often resulting in substantial loss of life and property. A major challenge during such events is the rapid and efficient distribution of relief goods to affected populations. This study aims to develop a Relief Goods Distribution Conceptual Framework (RGDCF) during disasters in Iran.
This study was conducted in four phases. In the first phase, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify challenges in the distribution of relief goods and strategies for improvement. The second phase involved semi-structured interviews with national experts and stakeholders to examine the characteristics and requirements of an appropriate distribution framework for relief goods. In the third phase, drawing on the findings from the previous phases and expert panel discussions, an initial RGDCF was developed. Finally, in the fourth phase, the Delphi technique was employed to validate the proposed framework.
A review of 18 studies identified key challenges in the distribution of relief goods, including lack of coordination among responsible authorities, needs assessment problems, damage to infrastructure, financial challenges and management of public donations, lack of local community participation, weakness in disaster preparedness, and shortage of trained personnel. The RGDCF was developed, based on four core principles: pre-disaster preparedness, unified command and management, intersectoral coordination, and community engagement, with 15 operational requirements aimed at improving distribution efficiency and equity. The developed framework received an acceptable score in terms of its feasibility, alignment with higher-level documents, stakeholder acceptance, and flexibility.
The RGDCF offers a comprehensive approach to addressing the challenges in relief goods distribution, ensuring more efficient and equitable humanitarian response. Its feasibility, alignment with existing policies, and stakeholder acceptance highlight its potential for practical implementation, as well as providing a structured basis for monitoring, evaluating, and improving relief operations in disaster management.
自然灾害和危机持续影响人类社会，常常导致大量生命和财产损失。此类事件中的一项重大挑战是向受灾民众迅速且高效地分发救济物资。本研究旨在构建伊朗灾害期间的救济物资分发概念框架（RGDCF）。
本研究分四个阶段进行。第一阶段，开展全面的文献综述以确定救济物资分发中的挑战及改进策略。第二阶段，对国家专家和利益相关者进行半结构化访谈，以审视合适的救济物资分发框架的特征和要求。第三阶段，借鉴前两个阶段的研究结果及专家小组讨论，初步构建RGDCF。最后，在第四阶段，采用德尔菲技术验证所提出的框架。
对18项研究的综述确定了救济物资分发中的关键挑战，包括责任当局之间缺乏协调、需求评估问题、基础设施受损、资金挑战及公众捐赠管理、当地社区参与不足、灾害准备薄弱以及训练有素人员短缺。基于四个核心原则构建了RGDCF：灾前准备、统一指挥与管理、跨部门协调以及社区参与，并有15项操作要求，旨在提高分发效率和公平性。所构建的框架在可行性、与上级文件的一致性、利益相关者接受度及灵活性方面获得了可接受的评分。
RGDCF提供了一种全面的方法来应对救济物资分发中的挑战，确保更高效和公平的人道主义应对。其可行性、与现有政策的一致性以及利益相关者的接受度凸显了其实际实施的潜力，同时为灾害管理中救济行动的监测、评估和改进提供了结构化基础。
