Paudel Dinesh Babu, Montenegro Alonso Ana Priscilla, Chisholm Joan, Xiao Huogen, Sanfaçon Hélène
Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada.
PLoS One. 2025 Sep 2;20(9):e0328517. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0328517. eCollection 2025.
We have characterized the transcriptome of Nicotiana benthamiana plants infected with tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV), a nepovirus. We analyzed two different stages of infection: the acute systemic symptomatic stage and the symptom recovery stage in which young leaves emerge without visible symptoms. In agreement with previous observations, we note a similar concentration of viral RNAs in symptomatic and recovered leaves. Extensive reprogramming of the plant transcriptome was observed in symptomatic leaves, including upregulation of genes characteristic of biotic stress responses and downregulation of genes associated with the function and translation of chloroplasts. The majority of plant genes that were differentially regulated during the symptomatic stage returned to their basal levels after recovery. Thus, the extent of changes in the plant transcriptome was correlated with symptom intensity. However, we also identified genes that remained upregulated after the symptomatic stage or that were specifically induced at the symptom recovery stage. The list of genes that were upregulated at the symptom recovery stage was diverse and included several types of cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides, notably two defensin-like genes that were specifically upregulated in recovered leaves, as confirmed by droplet-digital PCR. Several plant miRNAs were also differentially expressed in ToRSV-infected plants. Notably, miR391 was upregulated at both stages of infection, whereas miR530 and miR1919 were specifically upregulated during the symptomatic stage of infection. Several predicted miRNA targets were differentially regulated in our dataset, including new targets as well as previously validated targets (e.g., zinc finger A20/AN1 domain-containing stress-associated protein 1, a known target of miR530). Many of the miRNA predicted targets were related to plant defense responses and may contribute to symptom induction and/or symptom recovery.
我们已经对感染烟草环斑病毒（ToRSV，一种线虫传多面体病毒）的本氏烟草植株的转录组进行了表征。我们分析了两个不同的感染阶段：急性系统症状期和症状恢复阶段，在症状恢复阶段，新长出的叶片没有明显症状。与之前的观察结果一致，我们注意到有症状叶片和恢复叶片中病毒RNA的浓度相似。在有症状的叶片中观察到植物转录组的广泛重编程，包括生物胁迫反应特征基因的上调以及与叶绿体功能和翻译相关基因的下调。在症状期差异调节的大多数植物基因在恢复后恢复到其基础水平。因此，植物转录组的变化程度与症状强度相关。然而，我们也鉴定出在症状期后仍上调或在症状恢复阶段特异性诱导的基因。在症状恢复阶段上调的基因列表多种多样，包括几种富含半胱氨酸的抗菌肽，特别是两个防御素样基因，经液滴数字PCR证实，它们在恢复叶片中特异性上调。几种植物miRNA在感染ToRSV的植物中也有差异表达。值得注意的是，miR391在感染的两个阶段均上调，而miR530和miR1919在感染的症状期特异性上调。我们的数据集中有几个预测的miRNA靶标差异调节，包括新靶标以及先前已验证的靶标（例如，含锌指A20/AN1结构域的胁迫相关蛋白1，miR530的已知靶标）。许多预测的miRNA靶标与植物防御反应相关，可能有助于症状诱导和/或症状恢复。
