Hassan Muhammad Muneeb, Javaid Iqra, Jamal Farrukh, Ameeq Muhammad, Danish Muhammad, Kargbo Alpha, Javed Ayesha
The Islamia University Bahawalpur Bahawalpur Pakistan.
Department of Statistics DHQ hospital Muzaffargarh Muzaffargarh Pakistan.
Health Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 27;8(9):e71205. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.71205. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Smog is a serious threat to the environment, creating problems for public health, particularly in the South Punjab, Pakistan. This study aim to assess the prevalence of smog related health issue evaluate psychological impact and explore public health awareness and policy perception.
A cross-sectional study of 817 adults (Aged 18≥ year) was conducted in cities of South-Punjab from October to December 2024. Structured questionnaire, aligned with the STROBE checklist, collected self-reported data on health outcomes and awareness. Multinomial logistic regression and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were performed using SPSS-26 and R-Studio 4.3.2.
From 817 participants, 57.8% were male, 65.7% urban, with 47.1% reporting eye irritation (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.692.56, = 0.38) Respiratory conditions included COPD (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.11-0.41, < 0.001), asthma (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.13-0.38, < 0.001), ARI (OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.10-0.31, < 0.001), and IHD (OR = 11.13, 95% CI: 6.81-46.35, < 0.001). Urban participants showed higher anxiety due to smog (OR = 6.20, 95% CI: 2.56- 15.04, < 0.001). Only 15.9% were aware of public health campaigns, and 62.7% rated government efforts poorly (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.40-5.17, = 0.003).
Smog significantly affects respiratory and ocular health causes socio-psychological burdens. Strict regulations, effective public health interventions, and healthcare infrastructure are essential to decrease its effects.
雾霾对环境构成严重威胁，给公众健康带来问题，在巴基斯坦旁遮普省南部尤其如此。本研究旨在评估与雾霾相关的健康问题的患病率，评估心理影响，并探索公众健康意识和政策认知。
2024年10月至12月在旁遮普省南部各城市对817名成年人（年龄≥18岁）进行了一项横断面研究。根据STROBE清单设计的结构化问卷收集了关于健康结果和意识的自我报告数据。使用SPSS - 26和R - Studio 4.3.2进行多项逻辑回归和Wilcoxon秩和检验。
在817名参与者中，57.8%为男性，65.7%为城市居民，47.1%报告有眼部刺激症状（比值比[OR]=1.33，95%置信区间[CI]：0.69 - 2.56，P = （此处原文有误，推测应为P = 0.38））。呼吸系统疾病包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD，OR = 0.22，95% CI：0.11 - 0.41，P < 0.001）、哮喘（OR = 0.22，95% CI：0.13 - 0.38，P < 0.001）、急性呼吸道感染（ARI，OR = 0.18，95% CI：0.10 - 0.31，P < o.001）和缺血性心脏病（IHD，OR = 11. | 3，95% CI：6.81 - 46.35，P < 0.001）。城市参与者因雾霾表现出更高的焦虑水平（OR = 6.20，95% CI：2.56 - 15.04，P < 0.001）。只有15.9%的人知晓公共卫生运动，62.7%的人对政府的努力评价不佳（OR = 2.69，95% CI：1.40 - 5.17，P = 0.003）。
雾霾严重影响呼吸和眼部健康，造成社会心理负担。严格的法规、有效的公共卫生干预措施和医疗基础设施对于减轻其影响至关重要。
