Leão Ana Luiza Favarão, Silva Milena Franco, Gierbolini-Rivera Raúl D, Shaw Courtney, O'Connor Áine, Resendiz B Eugen, Lowe Melanie, Salvo Deborah, Siqueira Reis Rodrigo
Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States. Washington University in St. Louis; Prevention Research Center; People Health & Place Unit.
Celso Garcia Cid Highway, PR-445, Km 380, Londrina, PR. State University of Londrina, Technology and Urbanism Center.
Cities Health. 2025 Jul 29. doi: 10.1080/23748834.2025.2526258.
A livable city ensures safety, health, inclusivity, sustainability, housing, mobility, and opportunities for all. The Global Observatory of Healthy and Sustainable Cities (GOHSC) launched the 1000 Cities Challenge to assess urban health and sustainability globally. This study uses the GOHSC's spatial and policy indicators to evaluate livability in St. Louis, Missouri. Using a mixed-methods approach, we analyzed the spatial distribution of built environment and transport features alongside planning and sustainability policies. Spatial indicators were derived from open data. Policy documents were coded for their governance level, alignment with evidence from healthy cities, and inclusion of measurable targets. Most residents (91.7%) lived in neighborhoods with optimal street intersection density (100 intersections/km). However, only 2.8% lived in areas with optimal population density (5,700 people/km). Just 26.3% lived near public transit, and 44.5% had access to large public open spaces below the GOHSC city averages (44.6% and 66%). While there was good coverage of policies, policy quality was low (31%), with most lacking measurable targets. The policy and spatial indicators enabled a comprehensive evaluation of livability. Future research should synthesize local and regional policies, supplement livability indicators with measures of environmental (in)justice within cities and utilize streetscape micro-scale data to deepen livability analysis.
宜居城市确保所有人的安全、健康、包容性、可持续性、住房、出行及机会。全球健康与可持续城市观测站（GOHSC）发起了“千城挑战”，以评估全球城市的健康与可持续性。本研究使用GOHSC的空间和政策指标来评估密苏里州圣路易斯市的宜居性。我们采用混合方法，分析了建成环境和交通特征的空间分布以及规划和可持续性政策。空间指标源自开放数据。政策文件根据其治理水平、与健康城市证据的一致性以及是否包含可衡量目标进行编码。大多数居民（91.7%）居住在街道交叉口密度最佳（100个交叉口/平方公里）的社区。然而，只有2.8%的居民居住在人口密度最佳（5700人/平方公里）的地区。只有26.3%的居民居住在公共交通附近，44.5%的居民可使用低于GOHSC城市平均水平（44.6%和66%）的大型公共开放空间。虽然政策覆盖范围良好，但政策质量较低（31%），大多数政策缺乏可衡量目标。政策和空间指标能够对宜居性进行全面评估。未来的研究应综合地方和区域政策，用城市内部环境（不）公平的衡量指标补充宜居性指标，并利用街道景观微观尺度数据深化宜居性分析。
