Ando Fumiya, Endo Yoshiaki, Terauchi Yu, Onoda Ko
Rehabilitation Department, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Yaita, JPN.
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, JPN.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 29;17(7):e88987. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88987. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Pressure ulcers are a serious concern in older adults and are often caused by uneven pressure distribution in the supine position. While body mass index is commonly used in risk assessments, it may not reflect localized body pressure. Exploring the relationship between body composition and pressure distribution may help guide individualized prevention strategies.
To investigate how body composition influences supine pressure distribution across different body regions and to clarify whether these associations differ between healthy young and older adults.
The mean body pressures in the whole body, upper body, buttocks, and heels were measured using a pressure distribution device (SR Soft Vision, Sumitomo Riko Company Limited, Japan) placed on a pressure-relieving mattress commonly used in clinical settings. Body composition was assessed using a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer (InBody S10, InBody Japan Inc., Japan) to obtain body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle index (SMI), and fat mass index (FMI). Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed to examine these associations.
Upper-body pressure was significantly higher in older adults, whereas buttock pressure was higher in younger adults. The SMI was significantly associated with body pressure in the younger age group. The FMI was significantly associated with body pressure in the older age group.
Body composition influenced pressure distribution in a region-specific and age-dependent manner. These findings may contribute to the prevention of pressure ulcers and the development of individualized pressure management strategies.
压疮是老年人的一个严重问题，通常由仰卧位时压力分布不均引起。虽然体重指数常用于风险评估，但它可能无法反映局部身体压力。探索身体成分与压力分布之间的关系可能有助于指导个性化预防策略。
研究身体成分如何影响不同身体区域的仰卧位压力分布，并阐明这些关联在健康年轻人和老年人之间是否存在差异。
使用放置在临床常用减压床垫上的压力分布装置（SR Soft Vision，住友理光有限公司，日本）测量全身、上半身、臀部和脚跟的平均身体压力。使用多频生物电阻抗分析仪（InBody S10，InBody日本公司，日本）评估身体成分，以获得体重指数（BMI）、骨骼肌指数（SMI）和脂肪量指数（FMI）。进行相关性和多元回归分析以检验这些关联。
老年人的上半身压力明显更高，而年轻人的臀部压力更高。在较年轻年龄组中，SMI与身体压力显著相关。在较年长年龄组中，FMI与身体压力显著相关。
身体成分以区域特异性和年龄依赖性方式影响压力分布。这些发现可能有助于预防压疮和制定个性化压力管理策略。
