Rubio-González Juan J, Torres Catalina Escobar, Avalos Valentina Flores, Godoy Daniela Jofré
University of Atacama, Copiapó, Chile.
Psychol Russ. 2025 Jun 1;18(2):129-140. doi: 10.11621/pir.2025.0208. eCollection 2025.
Motherhood in Chile is complex and challenging - marked as it is by a growing number of women raising children on their own, against a backdrop of multiple social, cultural and economic factors- as well as a significant decline in birth rates. Perezhivanie is a Russian word, originating in Russian scholarship. This concept integrates the personal, social, and environmental dimensions of individual experience. This study adopts a cultural-historical approach grounded in Vygotskian theory, proposing perezhivanie as the unit of analysis.
To study the of Chilean women in relation to the psychological, social, and cultural factors underlying the complexities of motherhood.
This study uses a qualitative epistemology and adopts a constructive-interpretative paradigm proposed by González-Rey. As a research strategy, it uses a case study design and applies a purposive sampling method which allows to recruit 10 Chilean mothers to whom the episodic interview technique proposed by Flick is applied. Data analysis was conducted following González-Rey's method to interpreting subjective productions.
The main findings indicate that participants construct a perezhivanie marked by guilt and frustration within a social framework characterised by family difficulties, of monoparenting, and lack of economic resources, all associated with cultural patterns that reinforce the unequal distribution of parenting responsibilities and gender stereotypes in society.
The study concludes on the importance of studying and providing comprehensive responses to the complex reality of motherhood in Chile.
在智利，母亲身份是复杂且具有挑战性的——越来越多的女性独自抚养孩子，这一现象在多种社会、文化和经济因素的背景下凸显出来，同时出生率也显著下降。“经历”（Perezhivanie）是一个俄语单词，源自俄罗斯学术研究。这个概念整合了个人经历的个人、社会和环境维度。本研究采用基于维果茨基理论的文化历史方法，提出将“经历”作为分析单位。
研究智利女性在为人母的复杂性背后的心理、社会和文化因素方面的经历。
本研究采用定性认识论，采用冈萨雷斯 - 雷伊提出的建构 - 解释范式。作为一种研究策略，它采用案例研究设计，并应用目的抽样方法，招募了10位智利母亲，并对她们应用了弗利克提出的情景访谈技术。数据分析按照冈萨雷斯 - 雷伊解释主观产物的方法进行。
主要研究结果表明，参与者在一个以家庭困难、单亲育儿和缺乏经济资源为特征的社会框架内构建了一种以内疚和沮丧为特征的“经历”，所有这些都与强化社会中育儿责任不平等分配和性别刻板印象的文化模式相关。
该研究得出结论，研究并全面应对智利母亲身份的复杂现实具有重要意义。
