Sukumaran Anumol, Johnpaul V, Balasundaram N, Senthil Kumar S
Department of Civil Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
Department of Civil Engineering, Sreepathy Institute of Management and Technology, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
MethodsX. 2025 Aug 14;15:103569. doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2025.103569. eCollection 2025 Dec.
This study investigates the durability enhancement of bacterial concrete incorporating microbial strains (Bacillus Licheniformis, Bacillus Flexus, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus subtilis) through microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). Various durability tests, including water absorption, RCPT, sulphate resistance, hydrochloric acid strength loss, sorptivity, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of bacterial concrete. Bacterial concrete significantly reduces water absorption and chloride ion penetration, with Bacillus subtilis (M16) and Bacillus Flexus (M7) demonstrating the highest impermeability. Sulphate resistance analysis confirmed reduced weight loss before and after healing, highlighting microbial self-healing capabilities. Hydrochloric acid strength loss and sorptivity tests further validated improved acid resistance and reduced capillary absorption. EDAX analysis confirmed the formation of calcium carbonate, contributing to matrix densification and enhanced durability. Overall, microbial concrete exhibited superior resistance to environmental degradation, with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus Flexus, and Bacillus Licheniformis at higher concentrations (10 cells/ml) providing the most significant improvements. Bacterial concrete showed increased workability and notable compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis at 10⁶ cells/mL, Bacterial concrete provide the best self-healing and strength recovery capability; SEM and XRD data revealed higher density and effective crack healing. Bacterial concrete is a sustainable material since it provides long-term durability by means of inherent self-healing systems.
本研究通过微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀（MICP）来探究掺入微生物菌株（地衣芽孢杆菌、弯曲芽孢杆菌、施氏假单胞菌、大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌）的细菌混凝土的耐久性增强情况。进行了各种耐久性测试，包括吸水率、快速氯离子渗透试验（RCPT）、抗硫酸盐性、盐酸强度损失、吸水性以及能量色散X射线分析（EDAX），以评估细菌混凝土的有效性。细菌混凝土显著降低了吸水率和氯离子渗透性，其中枯草芽孢杆菌（M16）和弯曲芽孢杆菌（M7）表现出最高的抗渗性。抗硫酸盐性分析证实了愈合前后重量损失的减少，突出了微生物的自我修复能力。盐酸强度损失和吸水性测试进一步验证了耐酸性的提高和毛细吸收的减少。EDAX分析证实了碳酸钙的形成，有助于基体致密化并提高耐久性。总体而言，微生物混凝土对环境降解表现出卓越的抗性，较高浓度（10⁶个细胞/毫升）的枯草芽孢杆菌、弯曲芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌带来了最显著的改善。细菌混凝土在枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌浓度为10⁶个细胞/毫升时，工作性增强，抗压、抗折和劈裂抗拉强度显著提高；细菌混凝土具有最佳的自我修复和强度恢复能力；扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）数据显示密度更高且裂缝愈合有效。细菌混凝土是一种可持续材料，因为它通过固有的自我修复系统提供长期耐久性。
