Hu Cindy R, Delaney Caitlin, Chavarro Jorge E, Laden Francine, Librett Rachel, Katuska Laura, Kaplan Emily R, Yi Li, Rueschman Michael, Kossowsky Joe, Onnela Jukka-Pekka, Coull Brent A, Redline Susan, James Peter, Hart Jaime E
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2025 Aug 27;17:1973-1983. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S530812. eCollection 2025.
The objective of this study is to compare sleep measurements by a consumer-wearable with research-standard actigraphy coupled with sleep diaries in free-living female adults.
Forty-seven females in the Nurses' Health Study 3 (NHS3) participated in the Sleep and Physical Activity Validation Substudy (SPAVS), where they were asked to concurrently wear a consumer wearable (Fitbit Charge, Models 3 or 5) and a research-grade accelerometer (Actigraph, GT3X+ or Actisleep) on the same wrist and fill out a smartphone-based sleep diary for fourteen consecutive days. We compared measures of total sleep time (TST), time in bed (TIB), and sleep efficiency (SE) from the consumer wearable with actigraphy measures as our research-standard reference for TST and SE and self-reported sleep diary as our reference for TIB. We calculated mean absolute percent error (MAPE) and intra-class correlations (ICC), as well as Bland-Altman analyses to compute mean difference and limits of agreement.
For all three measures, the consumer wearable underestimated sleep parameters relative to research-standard actigraphy, with a mean bias of -16.0 minutes and -11.2 minutes for TST and TIB, respectively, and -1.0% for SE. In terms of agreement, TST (MAPE = 11.18%; ICC = 0.79) and TIB (MAPE = 10.45%; ICC = 0.74) had similar MAPES and ICCs, while and SE (MAPE = 5.09%; ICC = 0.39) had a lower ICC.
In the NHS3 SPAVS, the wearable sleep measurements modestly underestimated wrist actigraphy measures of TST, TIB, and SE from sleep over multiple days; within sleep measures assessed, TST and TIB had greater agreement with research-grade accelerometry than SE.
本研究的目的是比较在自由生活的成年女性中，消费者可穿戴设备的睡眠测量结果与研究标准的活动记录仪以及睡眠日记的测量结果。
护士健康研究3（NHS3）中的47名女性参与了睡眠与身体活动验证子研究（SPAVS），她们被要求在同一手腕上同时佩戴一款消费者可穿戴设备（Fitbit Charge 3或5型号）和一台研究级加速度计（Actigraph GT3X+或Actisleep），并连续14天填写基于智能手机的睡眠日记。我们将消费者可穿戴设备测量的总睡眠时间（TST）、卧床时间（TIB）和睡眠效率（SE）与活动记录仪测量结果进行比较，将活动记录仪测量结果作为TST和SE的研究标准参考，将自我报告的睡眠日记作为TIB的参考。我们计算了平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）和组内相关性（ICC），以及Bland-Altman分析以计算平均差异和一致性界限。
对于所有这三项测量，相对于研究标准的活动记录仪，消费者可穿戴设备低估了睡眠参数，TST和TIB的平均偏差分别为-16.0分钟和-11.2分钟，SE为-1.0%。在一致性方面，TST（MAPE = 11.18%；ICC = 0.79）和TIB（MAPE = 10.45%；ICC = 0.74）具有相似的MAPE和ICC，而SE（MAPE = 5.09%；ICC = 0.39）的ICC较低。
在NHS3 SPAVS中，可穿戴设备的睡眠测量结果在多天睡眠中适度低估了手腕活动记录仪测量的TST、TIB和SE；在所评估的睡眠测量中，TST和TIB与研究级加速度计的一致性高于SE。
