FGG术后移植体尺寸和残余组织厚度对供区愈合的影响：一项三维对比研究

Graft Dimensions and Residual Tissue Thickness Impact on Donor Site Healing After FGG Procedure: A 3D Comparative Study.

作者信息

Wei Ning, Han Ziyao, Hu Wenjie, Wei Yiping, Zhang Haoyun

机构信息

Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.

出版信息

Int Dent J. 2025 Sep 3;75(6):103858. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.103858.

DOI:10.1016/j.identj.2025.103858

PMID:40907374

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12444474/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS

Free gingival grafting (FGG) is a common procedure in periodontal and implant therapy to augment keratinized tissue and improve esthetic outcomes. However, the effects of graft dimensions and residual tissue thickness (RTT) on palatal donor site healing remain poorly characterized, lacking standardized 3-dimensional analysis. This study aimed to quantify how these factors influence 3-dimensional tissue recovery over 6 months, with thickness recovery rate as the primary outcome.

METHODS

Thirty-two FGG patients were divided into single-tooth (ST) and multi-teeth (MT) groups. Intraoral scans and CBCT quantified donor site thickness and volume changes at 1, 3, and 6 months post-surgery. Statistical analyses (t-tests, ANOVA) assessed graft size and RTT effects.

RESULTS

At 1 month, the ST group showed significantly faster healing than the MT group, with higher thickness (91.01% vs 86.46%, P = .005) and volume recovery rates (73.19% vs 64.23%, P = .009). No intergroup differences emerged at 3 or 6 months. RTT≥2 mm consistently improved outcomes across all time points (P < .001), while RTT<2 mm required prolonged healing.

CONCLUSION

Graft size affects early-phase healing but not long-term outcomes. Preserving ≥2 mm RTT is critical for optimal recovery and re-harvesting potential, guiding graft dimension selection in FGG.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Understanding the impact of graft size and residual tissue thickness (RTT) on palatal donor site healing can provide valuable guidance for clinical decision-making in free gingival graft surgery. Smaller grafts facilitate quicker initial recovery, while maintaining RTT≥2 mm is essential for optimizing long-term healing. These insights can improve surgical planning, postoperative care, and re-harvesting feasibility, leading to better patient outcomes.

摘要

引言与目的

游离龈瓣移植术（FGG）是牙周治疗和种植治疗中增加角化组织并改善美学效果的常用手术。然而，移植物尺寸和残余组织厚度（RTT）对腭部供区愈合的影响仍未得到充分描述，缺乏标准化的三维分析。本研究旨在量化这些因素如何在6个月内影响三维组织恢复情况，将厚度恢复率作为主要观察指标。

方法

32例接受FGG手术的患者被分为单牙组（ST）和多牙组（MT）。在术后1个月、3个月和6个月，通过口腔内扫描和锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）对供区厚度和体积变化进行量化。采用统计分析（t检验、方差分析）评估移植物大小和RTT的影响。

结果

术后1个月，ST组的愈合速度明显快于MT组，厚度恢复率更高（91.01%对86.46%，P = 0.005），体积恢复率也更高（73.19%对64.23%，P = 0.009）。在术后3个月和6个月，两组之间没有差异。RTT≥2 mm在所有时间点均能持续改善结果（P < 0.001），而RTT<2 mm则需要更长的愈合时间。