Zhang Meixia, Fang Xiao, Wang Mingshan, Pan Ning, Wang Hui, Liu Zheng
Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Aug 20;13:1640753. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1640753. eCollection 2025.
Vaccination is a cornerstone of healthcare systems, and increasing vaccination coverage is crucial for achieving public health objectives globally. However, vaccine acceptance rates vary considerably across different regions worldwide. In China, understanding the determinants of vaccine acceptance is crucial for enhancing coverage and achieving public health goals.
This study examined the factors influencing vaccine acceptance among Chinese residents and proposes response strategies to enhance public vaccine acceptance, thereby contributing to public health development.
Based on cross-sectional data from the 2023 Chinese Residents' Psychological and Behavioral Survey (PBICR), a questionnaire was administered to 30,011 participants using the eHEALS-SF Scale, Health Literacy Scale (HLS-SF4), Big Five Inventory-10 (BFI-10), General Risk Tendency Scale (GRiSP), and Media Motivation Scale. Univariate analysis was performed initially, followed by logistic regression for variables with a ≤ 0.05, to examine the impact of demographic characteristics, health literacy, personality traits, and other factors on vaccination behavior.
Among Chinese residents, 57.23% reported receiving vaccinations. This included 4,555 (15.18%) who received the HPV vaccine, 12,103 (40.33%) the influenza vaccine (IFV), 2,450 (8.16%) the herpes zoster vaccine (HZV), and 9,172 (30.56%) the hepatitis vaccine. Univariate analysis identified 17 factors significantly associated with overall vaccination behavior ( < 0.05), including gender, age, education level, disease experience, health literacy, personality traits (e.g., openness and conscientiousness), and media influence. Logistic regression analysis revealed 11 associated factors: being female, aged 45-59 years, having a high education level, being a student, experiencing disease, residing in urban areas, earning high income, possessing high health literacy, exhibiting low openness, showing low risk tendency, and demonstrating high media motivation were positively associated with vaccination behavior ( < 0.05). Differences in the influencing factors between vaccines and the interaction of the vaccines are also found in the research.
The acceptance of vaccines among Chinese residents was influenced by a combination of demographic characteristics, health perception, personality traits, and socioeconomic factors. To enhance vaccination coverage, it is essential to implement precise interventions, optimize information dissemination strategies, and provide personalized health services tailored to specific groups, such as those with low educational attainment, individuals residing in rural areas, and those with high openness personality traits.
疫苗接种是医疗保健系统的基石，提高疫苗接种覆盖率对于实现全球公共卫生目标至关重要。然而，全球不同地区的疫苗接受率差异很大。在中国，了解疫苗接受度的决定因素对于提高覆盖率和实现公共卫生目标至关重要。
本研究探讨影响中国居民疫苗接受度的因素，并提出提高公众疫苗接受度的应对策略，从而为公共卫生发展做出贡献。
基于2023年中国居民心理与行为调查（PBICR）的横断面数据，使用eHEALS-SF量表、健康素养量表（HLS-SF4）、大五人格量表-10（BFI-10）、一般风险倾向量表（GRiSP）和媒体动机量表对30,011名参与者进行问卷调查。首先进行单因素分析，然后对P≤0.05的变量进行逻辑回归分析，以检验人口统计学特征、健康素养、人格特质和其他因素对疫苗接种行为的影响。
在中国居民中，57.23%的人报告接种过疫苗。其中包括4555人（15.18%）接种了HPV疫苗，12103人（40.33%）接种了流感疫苗（IFV），2450人（8.16%）接种了带状疱疹疫苗（HZV），9172人（30.56%）接种了肝炎疫苗。单因素分析确定了17个与总体疫苗接种行为显著相关的因素（P<0.05），包括性别、年龄、教育水平、疾病经历 、健康素养、人格特质（如开放性和尽责性）以及媒体影响。逻辑回归分析揭示了11个相关因素：女性、45-59岁、高学历、学生、有疾病经历、居住在城市地区、高收入、高健康素养、低开放性、低风险倾向和高媒体动机与疫苗接种行为呈正相关（P<0.05）。研究还发现了不同疫苗之间影响因素的差异以及疫苗之间的相互作用。
中国居民对疫苗的接受度受人口统计学特征、健康认知、人格特质和社会经济因素的综合影响。为提高疫苗接种覆盖率，必须实施精准干预，优化信息传播策略，并为特定群体提供个性化的健康服务，如低学历人群、农村居民和高开放性人格特质人群。
