Sun Liang, Luo Lanfang, Yang Yi, Wangchuan Qiushui, Luo Jiong
College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Physical Education, Chongqing Mining Engineering School, Chongqing, China.
J Nurs Manag. 2025 Aug 30;2025:6416101. doi: 10.1155/jonm/6416101. eCollection 2025.
With the increasing participation of women in sports, understanding gender differences in sports injuries has become crucial. This study compares the incidence of sports injuries in male and female athletes through a scope review, analyzes the gender specific patterns of common injury types, summarizes the current situation and challenges of sports injury prevention in female athletes, and proposes targeted clinical practice and research recommendations. This study adopted a scope review design, followed the PRISMA ScR guidelines, and registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251058146). By searching PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases through the system (as of May 23, 2025), and manually searching for relevant literature in conjunction with references. The inclusion criteria are based on the PICO framework, focusing on female athletes, gender factors, and the incidence of sports injuries, covering all types of research. The data were extracted into standardized tables by two independent researchers through two-stage screening (title/abstract and full text). Eighteen studies were selected from 2487 articles, covering various sports and populations. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the overall incidence of sports injuries between male and female athletes. However, female athletes are at higher risk in specific types of injuries, such as ACL injuries, bone stress injuries, concussion, and nontraumatic shoulder instability. The study also found that women are underrepresented in sports science and medical research, and gender factors are often overlooked. Although the overall incidence of injuries is similar, female athletes face higher risks in specific types of injuries and require targeted prevention strategies. Key research challenges include the underrepresentation of women and the neglect of social gender factors. It is recommended to integrate both sex-based biological factors and gender-related social factors into sports injury prevention models to optimize practice. For nursing management, these findings highlight a pivotal role in mitigating injury risks. Nurse managers should champion educational programs on female-specific risks, lead the implementation of screening protocols, foster interdisciplinary collaboration, and advocate for research that addresses the gender gap in sports medicine.
随着女性参与体育运动的人数不断增加，了解运动损伤中的性别差异变得至关重要。本研究通过范围综述比较了男性和女性运动员运动损伤的发生率，分析了常见损伤类型的性别特异性模式，总结了女性运动员运动损伤预防的现状和挑战，并提出了有针对性的临床实践和研究建议。本研究采用范围综述设计，遵循PRISMA ScR指南，并在PROSPERO（CRD420251058146）注册。通过系统检索PubMed、CINAHL、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane数据库（截至2025年5月23日），并结合参考文献手动检索相关文献。纳入标准基于PICO框架，聚焦于女性运动员、性别因素和运动损伤发生率，涵盖所有类型的研究。由两名独立研究人员通过两阶段筛选（标题/摘要和全文）将数据提取到标准化表格中。从2487篇文章中筛选出18项研究，涵盖各种运动和人群。结果表明，男性和女性运动员运动损伤的总体发生率没有显著差异。然而，女性运动员在特定类型的损伤中风险较高，如前交叉韧带损伤、骨应力损伤、脑震荡和非创伤性肩部不稳定。研究还发现，女性在运动科学和医学研究中的代表性不足，性别因素经常被忽视。尽管损伤的总体发生率相似，但女性运动员在特定类型的损伤中面临更高的风险，需要有针对性的预防策略。关键的研究挑战包括女性代表性不足和社会性别因素被忽视。建议将基于性别的生物学因素和与性别相关的社会因素纳入运动损伤预防模型，以优化实践。对于护理管理而言，这些发现凸显了在降低损伤风险方面的关键作用。护士长应倡导开展针对女性特定风险的教育项目，领导筛查方案的实施，促进跨学科合作，并倡导开展解决运动医学中性别差距问题的研究。
