Dumbravă Andreea Ștefania, Corbu Viorica Maria, Marinaș Ioana Cristina, Pericleanu Radu, Marinescu Liliana, Motelica Ludmila, Trusca Doina Roxana, Ianovici Nicoleta, Șesan Tatiana Eugenia, Gheorghe-Barbu Irina, Ficai Denisa, Oprea Ovidiu Cristian, Ficai Anton, Chifiriuc Mariana Carmen
Department of Microbiology and Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Technological Irradiation (IRASM), Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering-IFIN-HH, Magurele, Romania.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Aug 22;16:1642335. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1642335. eCollection 2025.
This study evaluates two innovative protective treatments for wooden cultural heritage objects vulnerable to biodeterioration. The first involves polyacrylic resin solutions embedded with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), while the second uses the siloxane-based coupling agent 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-MPTMS) to enhance AgNP adhesion to wood surfaces.
Antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and anti-metabolic activities were assessed using both qualitative and quantitative assays against biodeteriogenic strains (, and ). Additional analyses included extracellular nitric oxide (NO) production, phytotoxicity testing on , and correlations with biochemical parameters.
Polyacrylic resins incorporating AgNPs exhibited significant antimicrobial properties, with stronger effects against bacteria. Treatments combining AgNPs with MPTMS or acrylic resins demonstrated enhanced inhibitory effect on microbial viability, adhesion, and degradative enzymes secretion. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of resin solutions modulated the extracellular NO levels, correlated with metabolic stress responses. Notably, ecotoxicity testing confirmed minimal phytotoxic impact, supporting the safety of these materials for cultural heritage applications.
The findings support the use of AgNP-enhanced polyacrylic resins and silanized coatings as effective, non-destructive conservation strategies for wooden heritage artifacts, offering durable protection against microbial deterioration while maintaining environmental safety.
本研究评估了两种针对易受生物降解的木质文化遗产的创新保护处理方法。第一种方法涉及嵌入银纳米颗粒（AgNP）的聚丙烯酸树脂溶液，第二种方法使用基于硅氧烷的偶联剂3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷（3-MPTMS）来增强AgNP对木材表面的附着力。
使用定性和定量分析方法评估了针对生物降解菌株（ 、 和 ）的抗菌、抗生物膜和抗代谢活性。其他分析包括细胞外一氧化氮（NO）的产生、对 的植物毒性测试以及与生化参数的相关性。
含有AgNP的聚丙烯酸树脂表现出显著的抗菌性能，对细菌的作用更强。将AgNP与MPTMS或丙烯酸树脂结合的处理方法对微生物活力、附着力和降解酶分泌具有增强的抑制作用。树脂溶液的亚抑制浓度调节了细胞外NO水平，与代谢应激反应相关。值得注意的是，生态毒性测试证实了最小的植物毒性影响，支持了这些材料在文化遗产应用中的安全性。
研究结果支持使用AgNP增强的聚丙烯酸树脂和硅烷化涂层作为对木质遗产文物有效的非破坏性保护策略，在保持环境安全的同时，提供持久的保护以防止微生物降解。
