Alward W L, Bender T R, Demske J A, Hall D B
Can J Ophthalmol. 1985 Dec;20(7):241-5.
Myopia is common in Western populations but is considered rare in nonindustrialized population groups. However, studies in undeveloped areas of the Arctic and sub-Arctic have demonstrated increased rates of myopia among young Inuit adults indigenous to the region. We examined the refractive status of Yupik Eskimos, a group that had not previously been evaluated. Our subjects were young adults born between November 1960 and December 1962 to persons living in 10 villages in southwestern Alaska. The refractive status was obtained for 92% of these persons. The prevalence of myopia (refractive error -0.50 D or greater) was 68%, a rate among the highest reported for a general population anywhere in the world. The young women were significantly more myopic than the young men (mean refractive errors -1.91 and -1.36 D respectively). Astigmatism and myopia were positively correlated (r = 0.20, p less than 0.01). The etiology of myopia in this population is under study.
近视在西方人群中很常见，但在非工业化人群中被认为很罕见。然而，在北极和亚北极地区的未开发地区进行的研究表明，该地区的年轻因纽特成年人近视率有所上升。我们检查了尤皮克爱斯基摩人的屈光状态，这是一个此前未被评估过的群体。我们的研究对象是1960年11月至1962年12月间出生于阿拉斯加西南部10个村庄居民家庭的年轻成年人。这些人中92%的屈光状态已获取。近视（屈光不正-0.50 D或更高）的患病率为68%，这是世界上任何地方普通人群中报告的最高患病率之一。年轻女性的近视程度明显高于年轻男性（平均屈光不正分别为-1.91 D和-1.36 D）。散光与近视呈正相关（r = 0.20，p小于0.01）。该人群近视的病因正在研究中。
