Hamilton Jessica L, Untawale Srushti, Dalack Maya N, Thai Athena B, Kleiman Evan M, Yao Aijia
Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
JAACAP Open. 2025 Feb 5;3(3):431-438. doi: 10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.11.008. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Exposure to self-harm content may be an important experience on social media that confers risk for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs). The current study used an intensive monitoring design to examine the relation between weekly exposure to self-harm content on social media and adolescent SITBs, including suicidal ideation and nonsuicidal self-injurious (NSSI) urges and behaviors.
Adolescents (N = 61; ages 14-17 years) recruited in the United States (49% girls, 62% LGBTQ+, 10% Asian, 20% Black, 16% Latine, 13% Multiracial, 41% White) completed 8 weeks of daily and weekly surveys. Daily surveys included questions about adolescents' suicidal ideation and NSSI urges and behaviors. Weekly surveys included exposure to self-harm content on social media and perceived daily social media hours. Logistic multilevel modeling was conducted to evaluate whether exposure to self-harm content on social media was associated with weekly SITBs, controlling for social media duration and depression symptoms.
Overall, 50% (n = 31) of adolescents reported seeing self-harm-related content on social media over the study period. There were significant associations between weeks of self-harm social media exposure and weekly NSSI urges and behaviors. There was no association between weekly social media self-harm exposure and suicidal ideation that week. Perceived social media use duration was not associated with SITBs.
Findings indicate that exposure to self-harm content on social media may be a proximal risk factor for NSSI urges and behaviors among adolescents. Findings shed light on one modifiable way in which social media may heighten risk for SITBs among adolescents, lending empirical support to current guidelines about limiting self-harm content on social media.
DIVERSITY & INCLUSION STATEMENT: We worked to ensure sex and gender balance in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group. We actively worked to promote inclusion of historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science in our author group. While citing references scientifically relevant for this work, we also actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our reference list. While citing references scientifically relevant for this work, we also actively worked to promote inclusion of historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science in our reference list.
接触自残内容可能是社交媒体上的一种重要体验，会增加产生自残想法和行为（SITB）的风险。本研究采用密集监测设计，以检验青少年每周接触社交媒体上的自残内容与SITB之间的关系，包括自杀意念以及非自杀性自残（NSSI）冲动和行为。
在美国招募的青少年（N = 61；年龄14 - 17岁）（49%为女孩，62%为LGBTQ +，10%为亚裔，20%为黑人，16%为拉丁裔，13%为多种族，41%为白人）完成了为期8周的每日和每周调查。每日调查包括关于青少年自杀意念以及NSSI冲动和行为的问题。每周调查包括接触社交媒体上的自残内容以及感知到的每日社交媒体使用时长。进行逻辑多水平建模，以评估接触社交媒体上的自残内容是否与每周的SITB相关，并控制社交媒体使用时长和抑郁症状。
总体而言，50%（n = 31）的青少年报告在研究期间在社交媒体上看到过与自残相关的内容。接触自残内容的周数与每周的NSSI冲动和行为之间存在显著关联。每周接触社交媒体上的自残内容与当周的自杀意念之间没有关联。感知到的社交媒体使用时长与SITB无关。
研究结果表明，接触社交媒体上的自残内容可能是青少年产生NSSI冲动和行为的一个直接风险因素。研究结果揭示了社交媒体可能增加青少年SITB风险的一种可改变方式，为当前关于限制社交媒体上自残内容的指南提供了实证支持。
我们努力确保在招募人类参与者时实现性别平衡。我们努力确保在招募人类参与者时实现种族、民族和/或其他类型的多样性。我们努力确保研究问卷以包容的方式编制。本文的一位或多位作者自我认同为科学领域中一个或多个历史上代表性不足的种族和/或民族群体的成员。我们积极努力促进作者群体中的性别平衡。我们积极努力促进将科学领域中历史上代表性不足的种族和/或民族群体纳入我们的作者群体。在引用与这项工作科学相关的参考文献时，我们也积极努力促进参考文献列表中的性别平衡。在引用与这项工作科学相关的参考文献时，我们也积极努力促进将科学领域中历史上代表性不足的种族和/或民族群体纳入我们的参考文献列表。
