MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Sep 18;69(37):1319-1323. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6937e3.
Reports suggest that children aged ≥10 years can efficiently transmit SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1,2). However, limited data are available on SARS-CoV-2 transmission from young children, particularly in child care settings (3). To better understand transmission from young children, contact tracing data collected from three COVID-19 outbreaks in child care facilities in Salt Lake County, Utah, during April 1-July 10, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed to explore attack rates and transmission patterns. A total of 184 persons, including 110 (60%) children had a known epidemiologic link to one of these three facilities. Among these persons, 31 confirmed COVID-19 cases occurred; 13 (42%) in children. Among pediatric patients with facility-associated confirmed COVID-19, all had mild or no symptoms. Twelve children acquired COVID-19 in child care facilities. Transmission was documented from these children to at least 12 (26%) of 46 nonfacility contacts (confirmed or probable cases). One parent was hospitalized. Transmission was observed from two of three children with confirmed, asymptomatic COVID-19. Detailed contact tracing data show that children can play a role in transmission from child care settings to household contacts. Having SARS-CoV-2 testing available, timely results, and testing of contacts of persons with COVID-19 in child care settings regardless of symptoms can help prevent transmission. CDC guidance for child care programs recommends the use of face masks, particularly among staff members, especially when children are too young to wear masks, along with hand hygiene, frequent cleaning and disinfecting of high-touch surfaces, and staying home when ill to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission (4).
报告表明，年龄≥10 岁的儿童能够有效地传播导致 2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的 SARS-CoV-2 病毒（1,2）。然而，关于儿童传播 SARS-CoV-2 的有限数据，特别是在儿童保育环境中（3）。为了更好地了解儿童传播的情况，回顾性审查了 2020 年 4 月 1 日至 7 月 10 日在犹他州盐湖县的三个儿童保育设施中收集的 COVID-19 暴发的接触者追踪数据，以探讨发病率和传播模式。共有 184 人，包括 110 人（60%）与这三个设施中的一个有已知的流行病学联系。在这些人中，有 31 例确诊 COVID-19 病例；其中 13 例（42%）为儿童。在与设施相关的确诊 COVID-19 的儿科患者中，所有人均为轻症或无症状。12 名儿童在儿童保育设施中感染 COVID-19。从这些儿童传播到至少 46 名非设施接触者（确诊或可能病例）的 12 人（26%），记录到了传播。一名家长住院。从 3 名确诊无症状 COVID-19 的儿童中观察到传播。详细的接触者追踪数据表明，儿童在从儿童保育环境向家庭接触者传播方面可以发挥作用。在儿童保育环境中，无论症状如何，对 COVID-19 患者的接触者进行 SARS-CoV-2 检测，及时获得结果并进行检测，可以帮助预防传播。疾病预防控制中心（CDC）为儿童保育计划提供的指南建议使用口罩，特别是在工作人员中使用口罩，特别是在儿童太小而无法戴口罩时，同时要保持手部卫生，经常清洁和消毒高频接触表面，并在患病时留在家中，以减少 SARS-CoV-2 的传播（4）。
