Guo Wei, Dong Lin, Lu Qingxing, Xie Mengtong, Yang Yuqi, Zhang Yanchi, Lu Xiaoyu, Yu Qiong
Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 130062 Changchun, Jilin, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, Jilin, China.
Alpha Psychiatry. 2025 Aug 28;26(4):46108. doi: 10.31083/AP46108. eCollection 2025 Aug.
The progressive legalization and widespread use of cannabis has led to its use as a treatment for certain neuropsychiatric disorders. Traditional epidemiological studies suggest that cannabis use has an effect on some neurocognitive aspects. However, it is unclear whether cannabis use is causally related to common neuropsychiatric disorders. The present study was conducted to illustrate the causal relationships of genetically predicted cannabis use with common neuropsychiatric disorders.
We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization method using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics obtained from publicly available databases on lifetime cannabis use and 10 neuropsychiatric disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), epilepsy, generalized epilepsy, focal epilepsy, migraine, migraine with aura, migraine without aura, schizophrenia (SCZ), anorexia nervosa (AN), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) were studied with a two-sample Mendelian randomization method for GWAS summary statistics. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis model.
Our study suggests that lifetime cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of developing PD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.782; 95% CI 1.032-3.075; = 0.038) and an increased risk of ADHD in female participants (OR = 1.650; 95% CI 1.051-2.590; = 0.029).
Cannabis intake may cause adverse effects relating to certain neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the side effects of addictive drugs during clinical treatment to avoid harmful effects on the brain and neurocognition.
大麻的逐步合法化及其广泛使用已使其被用作某些神经精神疾病的治疗方法。传统流行病学研究表明，使用大麻会对某些神经认知方面产生影响。然而，尚不清楚使用大麻与常见神经精神疾病是否存在因果关系。本研究旨在阐明基因预测的大麻使用与常见神经精神疾病之间的因果关系。
我们使用了两样本孟德尔随机化方法，利用从公开可用数据库中获取的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）汇总统计数据，这些数据涉及终生大麻使用情况以及10种神经精神疾病，包括多发性硬化症（MS）、阿尔茨海默病（AD）、肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）、自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）、癫痫、全身性癫痫、局灶性癫痫、偏头痛、有先兆偏头痛、无先兆偏头痛、精神分裂症（SCZ）、神经性厌食症（AN）、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和帕金森病（PD），采用两样本孟德尔随机化方法对GWAS汇总统计数据进行研究。采用逆方差加权（IVW）方法作为主要分析模型。
我们的研究表明，终生使用大麻与患帕金森病风险增加相关（优势比（OR）=1.782；95%置信区间1.032 - 3.075；P = 0.038），且在女性参与者中患注意力缺陷多动障碍的风险增加（OR = 1.650；95%置信区间1.051 - 2.590；P = 0.029）。
摄入大麻可能会导致与某些神经精神疾病相关的不良反应。因此，临床治疗期间应特别关注成瘾药物的副作用，以避免对大脑和神经认知产生有害影响。
