Liu Xuerong, Li Wei, Lei Jingyu, Han Xiaodi, Zhang Qiongzhi, Zhang Qianyu, Gong Jie, Zhang Jingxuan, Chen Zhiyi, Feng Zhengzhi
Experimental Research Center of Medical and Psychological Science, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China.
Psychology Department, Nanchong Psychosomatic Hospital, 637000 Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
Alpha Psychiatry. 2025 Aug 28;26(4):46110. doi: 10.31083/AP46110. eCollection 2025 Aug.
To tailor culturally sensitive interventional strategies for safeguarding adolescents' mental health, this study investigated the role of perceived parental involvement in predicting depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents, considering family socioeconomic status (SES).
A cluster convenience sampling method recruited 21,818 participants from 48 middle schools across 29 provinces in China. The perceived parental involvement (PPI) Scale and the Chinese version of the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale (CES-D) assessed parental involvement and depressive symptoms, respectively. Data analysis employed linear mixed-effect models (LMM) and latent profile analysis (LPA).
The results indicated that 35.26% of adolescents exhibited subclinical depressive symptoms. LMM analysis revealed that higher perceived parental involvement scores, particularly emotional involvement, significantly predicted lower CES-D scores ( = -0.45, < 0.001). LPA identified three distinct family factors profiles, with the "High SES-High PPI" group showing the lowest depression scores.
The findings underscore the protective benefits of perceived parental involvement, especially emotional support, in mitigating depressive symptoms among adolescents. Specifically, adolescents from families with both high SES and high parental involvement exhibited the lowest levels of depressive symptoms, suggesting that interventions should focus on enhancing emotional support and addressing socioeconomic disparities to effectively reduce adolescent depression.
为制定具有文化敏感性的青少年心理健康保护干预策略，本研究探讨了在考虑家庭社会经济地位（SES）的情况下，感知到的父母参与在预测中国青少年抑郁症状方面的作用。
采用整群便利抽样法，从中国29个省份的48所中学招募了21818名参与者。感知到的父母参与（PPI）量表和流行病学研究中心抑郁量表中文版（CES-D）分别评估父母参与和抑郁症状。数据分析采用线性混合效应模型（LMM）和潜在剖面分析（LPA）。
结果表明，35.26%的青少年表现出亚临床抑郁症状。LMM分析显示，较高的感知到的父母参与得分，尤其是情感参与，显著预测较低的CES-D得分（β = -0.45，P < 0.001）。LPA识别出三种不同的家庭因素概况，“高SES-高PPI”组的抑郁得分最低。
研究结果强调了感知到的父母参与，尤其是情感支持，在减轻青少年抑郁症状方面的保护作用。具体而言，来自高SES和高父母参与家庭的青少年抑郁症状水平最低，这表明干预措施应侧重于加强情感支持和解决社会经济差距，以有效减少青少年抑郁症。
