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硝化过程中基于连续流的强化：过去十年技术发展与实际应用综述

Continuous-flow-enabled intensification in nitration processes: a review of technological developments and practical applications over the past decade.

作者信息

Zhou Feng, Duanmu Chuansong, Li Yanxing, Li Jin, Xu Haiqing, Wang Pan, Zhu Kai

机构信息

National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Deep Utilization Technology of Rock-salt Resource, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, P. R. China.

China Construction Industrial & Energy Engineering Group Huanghe Construction Co., Ltd., 7 Yandong Xinlu, Lixia District, Jinan 250000, P. R. China.

出版信息

Beilstein J Org Chem. 2025 Aug 26;21:1678-1699. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.21.132. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.3762/bjoc.21.132
PMID:40927200
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12415922/
Abstract

Flow chemistry technology has demonstrated significant potential in advancing the green transformation of the chemical industry while enhancing inherent process safety. Safety, cost-effectiveness, and operational efficiency serve as pivotal drivers for advancing flow chemistry in nitration processes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the continuous-flow nitration technology - a process historically recognized as one of the most hazardous industrial operations - focusing on its technological advancements in process design, reaction kinetics characterization, and practical implementation over the past decade. Detailed discussions encompass system configuration strategies, critical process parameters and operating ranges, performance evaluation metrics, universal methodologies for kinetics analysis, safety assessment protocols, and scale-up approaches. The presented content aims to offer actionable guidance for researchers and engineers engaged in the development of continuous-flow nitration systems.

摘要

流动化学技术在推动化学工业的绿色转型以及提高固有过程安全性方面已展现出巨大潜力。安全性、成本效益和运营效率是推动硝化过程中流动化学发展的关键驱动力。本综述对连续流硝化技术进行了全面分析，该技术在历史上被认为是最危险的工业操作之一，重点关注其在过去十年中在工艺设计、反应动力学表征和实际应用方面的技术进步。详细讨论包括系统配置策略、关键工艺参数和操作范围、性能评估指标、动力学分析通用方法、安全评估协议以及放大方法。所呈现的内容旨在为从事连续流硝化系统开发的研究人员和工程师提供可操作的指导。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/04e819f981af/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/8572e384346c/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g002.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/c112f6f6d95a/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/9cd4163904d4/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/2fca668dee96/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/f28292d6da56/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/04e819f981af/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/8572e384346c/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/dedc88cfbfec/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/c112f6f6d95a/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/9cd4163904d4/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/2fca668dee96/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/f28292d6da56/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee84/12415922/04e819f981af/Beilstein_J_Org_Chem-21-1678-g007.jpg

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Highly Scalable and Inherently Safer Preparation of Di, Tri and Tetra Nitrate Esters Using Continuous Flow Chemistry.使用连续流动化学法高度可扩展且本质上更安全地制备二硝酸酯、三硝酸酯和四硝酸酯。
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