2021年8月至2023年8月美国成年人的快餐摄入量

Fast-food Intake Among Adults in the United States, August 2021-August 2023.

作者信息

Shah Nimit N, Fryar Cheryl D, Ahluwalia Namanjeet, Akinbami Lara J

出版信息

NCHS Data Brief. 2025 Jun(533):1. doi: 10.15620/cdc/174606.

DOI:10.15620/cdc/174606

PMID:40929416

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12434872/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

This report presents estimates of the percentage of calories consumed from fast food on a given day among U.S. adults by selected characteristics during August 2021-August 2023, along with trends in percentage of calories consumed from fast food since 2013-2014.

METHODS

Data from the August 2021-August 2023 NHANES were used to estimate the percentage of calories consumed from fast food among U.S. adults and test for subgroup differences using orthogonal contrasts to calculate a Student's statistic. Trends were assessed using data from four NHANES cycles (2013-2014, 2015-2016, 2017-March 2020, and August 2021-August 2023) with linear regression models evaluating linear and quadratic trends while adjusting for differential time between cycles. Statistical analyses, conducted in SAS-callable SUDAAN version 11.0, used orthogonal contrasts and regression models, with significance set at < 0.05.

KEY FINDINGS

During August 2021-August 2023, about one-third (32.0%) of adults 20 years and older consumed fast food on a given day. Overall, adults consumed 11.7% of calories from fast food on a given day. The percentage of calories consumed from fast food on a given day decreased with age: 15.2% for ages 20-39, 11.9% for ages 40-59, and 7.6% for ages 60 and older. No significant differences were noted between men and women. The percentage of calories consumed from fast food among adults decreased from 14.1% during 2013-2014 to 11.7% during August 2021-August 2023.

摘要

引言

本报告呈现了2021年8月至2023年8月期间，按选定特征划分的美国成年人在某一天从快餐中摄入的卡路里百分比估计值，以及自2013 - 2014年以来从快餐中摄入的卡路里百分比趋势。

方法

使用2021年8月至2023年8月美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据来估计美国成年人从快餐中摄入的卡路里百分比，并使用正交对比检验亚组差异以计算学生t统计量。使用四个NHANES周期（2013 - 2014年、2015 - 2016年、2017年至2020年3月以及2021年8月至2023年8月）的数据评估趋势，采用线性回归模型评估线性和二次趋势，同时对各周期之间的不同时间进行调整。在可调用SAS的SUDAAN 11.0版本中进行统计分析，使用正交对比和回归模型，显著性设定为p < 0.05。

主要发现

在2021年8月至2023年8月期间，约三分之一（32.0%）的20岁及以上成年人在某一天食用了快餐。总体而言，成年人在某一天从快餐中摄入的卡路里占11.7%。某一天从快餐中摄入的卡路里百分比随年龄下降：20 - 39岁为15.2%，40 - 59岁为11.9%，60岁及以上为7.6%。男性和女性之间未发现显著差异。成年人从快餐中摄入的卡路里百分比从2013 - 2014年期间的14.1%降至2021年8月至2023年8月期间的11.7%。