Det-Amnatkul Wiphada, Kulalert Prapasri, Nanthapisal Sira, Poachanukoon Orapan
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
Center of Excellence for Allergy, Asthma and Pulmonary Diseases, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
Asia Pac Allergy. 2025 Sep;15(3):145-152. doi: 10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000177. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
Multicomponent interventions have been reported as effective strategies for improving allergen reduction and asthma control. However, few studies have evaluated the integration of an indoor air quality (IAQ) system and e-health as part of multicomponent interventions.
To evaluate the effects of multicomponent interventions on house dust mite allergens, indoor particulate matter, and knowledge and trigger reduction behaviors (TRBs) of caregivers.
Twelve pediatric asthmatic patients with dust mite sensitization were randomly assigned to either a multicomponent intervention group or a control group. In the multicomponent intervention group, IAQ systems were installed in participants' bedrooms, bedding covers were provided, and asthma education was delivered through the LINE application, while the control group received conventional treatment. House dust mite allergen levels were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique, and particulate matter <2.5 micrometer diameter (PM2.5) concentrations were measured at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks postenrollment. Questionnaires were used to evaluate TRBs and asthma knowledge among caregivers before and after the intervention.
There were decreased Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen group 1 and Dermatophagoides farinae allergen group 1 levels in the multicomponent intervention group compared to the control group; however, the reduction was not statistically significant. Indoor PM2.5 concentrations were significantly lower in the multicomponent intervention group compared to the control group after 4 and 8 weeks ( = 0.005). Statistically significant improvement in overall TRBs ( = 0.04) and a trend in improving asthma knowledge among caregivers were observed in the multicomponent intervention group compared to the control group, although the difference did not reach statistical significance ( = 0.06).
Implementation of an IAQ system and asthma education through the LINE application, as part of multicomponent interventions, resulted in a significant reduction in indoor PM2.5 concentrations and improved TRBs among caregivers.
多组分干预已被报道为改善变应原减少和哮喘控制的有效策略。然而，很少有研究评估室内空气质量（IAQ）系统与电子健康作为多组分干预一部分的整合情况。
评估多组分干预对屋尘螨变应原、室内颗粒物以及照顾者的知识和触发因素减少行为（TRB）的影响。
12名对尘螨致敏的小儿哮喘患者被随机分配到多组分干预组或对照组。在多组分干预组中，在参与者卧室安装IAQ系统，提供床上用品罩，并通过LINE应用程序进行哮喘教育，而对照组接受常规治疗。使用酶联免疫吸附测定技术分析屋尘螨变应原水平，并在入组时、4周和8周测量直径<2.5微米的颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度。在干预前后使用问卷评估照顾者的TRB和哮喘知识。
与对照组相比，多组分干预组中屋尘螨变应原1组和粉尘螨变应原1组水平降低；然而，降低幅度无统计学意义。4周和8周后，多组分干预组的室内PM2.5浓度显著低于对照组（P = 0.005）。与对照组相比，多组分干预组的总体TRB有统计学意义的改善（P = 0.04），照顾者的哮喘知识有改善趋势，尽管差异未达到统计学意义（P = 0.06）。
作为多组分干预的一部分，通过LINE应用程序实施IAQ系统和哮喘教育，可显著降低室内PM2.5浓度，并改善照顾者的TRB。
