Mekonen Enyew Getaneh
Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2025 Sep 11;20(9):e0332215. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0332215. eCollection 2025.
Children between the ages of 6 and 23 months should be provided a variety of foods to ensure that their nutrient needs are satisfied, according to World Health Organization guidelines for feeding children. In Senegal, lower dietary diversity and an inability to meet nutrient requirements raise the risk of anemia and other disorders caused by a lack of funds and resources, which are essential for consuming a nutrient-rich diet. The objective of this study was to assess minimum dietary diversity and its associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Senegal using the most recent demographic and health survey data (2023).
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Senegal using data from the most recent continuous demographic and health survey, 2023. A total of 2,995 children aged 6-23 months were included in the study. Using STATA Version 14 software, the data were extracted, cleaned, and analyzed. A multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with meeting minimum dietary diversity. Finally, variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were declared statistically significant.
In the present study, the proportion of children aged 6-23 months who meet minimum dietary diversity in Senegal was 23.61% (95% CI: 22.12, 25.16). Factors like media exposure [AOR = 1.51; 95% CI (1.08, 2.13)], household wealth index [AOR = 1.84; 95% CI (1.24, 2.74)], ANC visits [AOR = 1.50; 95% CI (1.05, 2.13)], current breastfeeding status [AOR = 1.82; 95% CI (1.37, 2.43)], age of the child [AOR = 7.47; 95% CI (5.43, 10.3)], number of under-5 children in the household [AOR = 3.97; 95% CI (1.38, 11.4)], and community-level media exposure [AOR = 1.41; 95% CI (1.03, 1.93)] were significantly associated with meeting minimum dietary diversity.
Nearly one in four children aged 6 to 23 months achieved minimum dietary diversity in Senegal. Children from mothers with media exposure, wealthier households, attending 4 + antenatal care visits, currently breastfeeding, older children, and no under-5 children in the household were associated with higher odds of meeting minimum dietary diversity. Therefore, improving media access, women's empowerment, enhancing antenatal care service utilization, encouraging continued breastfeeding, and giving prior attention to younger children aged 6-11 months and mothers who had under-five children in the household are strongly recommended.
根据世界卫生组织的儿童喂养指南，6至23个月大的儿童应摄入各种食物，以确保其营养需求得到满足。在塞内加尔，饮食多样性较低以及无法满足营养需求，增加了贫血和其他因缺乏资金和资源而导致的疾病风险，而资金和资源对于摄入营养丰富的饮食至关重要。本研究的目的是利用最新的人口与健康调查数据（2023年）评估塞内加尔6至23个月大儿童的最低饮食多样性及其相关因素。
在塞内加尔进行了一项横断面研究，使用了2023年最新的连续人口与健康调查数据。共有2995名6至23个月大的儿童纳入研究。使用STATA 14版软件对数据进行提取、清理和分析。采用多水平混合效应逻辑回归分析来确定与达到最低饮食多样性相关的因素。最后，p值小于0.05的变量被判定具有统计学意义。
在本研究中，塞内加尔6至23个月大儿童达到最低饮食多样性的比例为23.61%（95%置信区间：22.12，25.16）。诸如媒体接触[AOR = 1.51；95%置信区间（1.08，2.13）]、家庭财富指数[AOR = 1.84；95%置信区间（1.24，2.74）]、产前检查次数[AOR = 1.50；95%置信区间（1.05，2.13）]、当前母乳喂养状况[AOR = 1.82；95%置信区间（1.37，2.43）]、儿童年龄[AOR = 7.47；95%置信区间（5.43，10.3）]、家庭中5岁以下儿童数量[AOR = 3.97；95%置信区间（1.38，11.4）]以及社区层面的媒体接触[AOR = 1.41；95%置信区间（1.03，1.93）]等因素与达到最低饮食多样性显著相关。
在塞内加尔，近四分之一的6至23个月大儿童实现了最低饮食多样性。母亲有媒体接触、家庭较富裕、进行4次及以上产前检查、当前进行母乳喂养、年龄较大以及家庭中没有5岁以下儿童的儿童达到最低饮食多样性的几率较高。因此，强烈建议改善媒体接入、增强妇女权能、提高产前保健服务利用率、鼓励持续母乳喂养，并优先关注6至11个月大的幼儿以及家庭中有5岁以下儿童的母亲。
