Rahmatina Arina Nursafrina, Ghozali Mohammad, Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Hilmanto Dany, Zuhairini Yenni, Susiarno Hadi, Panigoro Ramdan
Master of Midwifery Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia.
Int J Womens Health. 2025 Sep 6;17:2891-2907. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S519269. eCollection 2025.
Anemia is a significant health concern in adolescents, linked to diminished physical stamina and productivity. Menstruation is a prevalent cause of iron deficiency anemia. If this persists until pregnancy, it may elevate the risk of having infants with low birth weight. Consequently, efficacious preventive interventions are necessary. This literature review investigates the correlation between dietary intake and physical activity with anemia in adolescent girls. The evaluation was per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards. A thorough search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed (n = 59), Scopus (n = 103), and ScienceDirect (n = 5546), along with manual citation tracking (n = 6) and previously published reviews (n = 2), yielding a total of 5708 articles. Following the screening process, 157 articles were eliminated for irrelevance, four articles were deemed inaccessible, and 14 articles were added based on the eligibility assessment. The results emphasize that macronutrient and micronutrient consumption are essential for erythropoiesis and the prevention of anemia. Dietary diversity and sufficient energy intake were substantially correlated with enhanced anemia status. Furthermore, moderate to strenuous physical activity correlated favorably with hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations. Excessive body fat may impede iron absorption. Overall, sufficient dietary consumption and consistent physical exercise seem complementary to preventing anemia. This is important as an effort to prevent disease throughout the life span because anemia that persists into adulthood hurts pregnancy, childbirth, and the health outcomes of the newborn. However, we have not identified a certain frequency and duration of activity that affects anemia. Consequently, additional investigation is required regarding this matter.
贫血是青少年中一个重要的健康问题，与体力和生产力下降有关。月经是缺铁性贫血的常见原因。如果这种情况持续到怀孕，可能会增加生出低体重婴儿的风险。因此，有效的预防干预措施是必要的。这篇文献综述调查了少女饮食摄入和身体活动与贫血之间的相关性。评估遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）标准。在包括PubMed（n = 59）、Scopus（n = 103）和ScienceDirect（n = 5546）在内的多个数据库中进行了全面搜索，同时进行了手动引文追踪（n = 6）和先前发表的综述（n = 2），共获得5708篇文章。经过筛选过程，排除了157篇无关文章，4篇文章无法获取，根据资格评估又添加了14篇文章。结果强调，常量营养素和微量营养素的摄入对红细胞生成和预防贫血至关重要。饮食多样性和充足的能量摄入与改善贫血状况密切相关。此外，中度至剧烈的身体活动与血红蛋白和铁蛋白浓度呈正相关。过多的体脂可能会阻碍铁的吸收。总体而言，充足的饮食摄入和持续的体育锻炼似乎对预防贫血具有互补作用。这一点很重要，因为这是一项贯穿一生的疾病预防努力，因为持续到成年期的贫血会影响怀孕、分娩和新生儿的健康结果。然而，我们尚未确定影响贫血的特定活动频率和持续时间。因此，需要对此问题进行进一步调查。
