Ünalmış Aykar Demet, Ülger Harun, Doganyiğit Züleyha, Şeker Karatoprak Gökçe, Pandır Dilek, Uçar Sümeyye, Kaymak Emin, Okan Oflamaz Aslı, Yılmaz Seher
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
J Mol Histol. 2025 Sep 12;56(5):307. doi: 10.1007/s10735-025-10575-4.
Garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) is widely used in nutrition and traditional medicine for its bioactive properties. Studies show its seeds and leaves have anticancer, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic effects. This study investigated the antitumor potential of an extract from the leaves of Dadaş cress (Lepidium sativum var. sativum), a Turkish variety, against Ehrlich Ascites Tumor (EAT) cells. In the in vitro study, Dadaş cress extract (DCE) was tested at 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL concentrations to evaluate its antitumor activity. Caspase-3/7 activity was measured by fluorometric assay, mitochondrial membrane depolarization by JC-1 dye, and cell cycle by flow cytometry. The 50 µg/mL group had the highest apoptosis rate at 48 h; 100 µg/mL caused the most mitochondrial depolarization at 24 h. After 72 h, the 5-FU group had the highest G0/G1 phase cells, while the 25 µg/mL DCE group had the highest S phase cells. In vivo, groups were control, EAT control, EAT + 5-FU, EAT + DCE (75-150 mg/kg), and DCE only (75-150 mg/kg). Liver and kidney tissues were examined immunohistochemically, biochemically, and genotoxically. DCE significantly lowered TNF-α expression, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in EAT mice. In the 150 mg/kg DCE group, renal tail DNA% dropped from 92.5 to 34.8%, liver tail DNA% from 105.3 to 65.8%. TAS increased, TOS decreased vs. EAT control (p < 0.05). These results suggest DCE protects against EAT-induced damage dose-dependently and has no genotoxicity. The findings suggest that DCE may have antitumor potential.
独行菜（Lepidium sativum L.）因其生物活性特性而被广泛应用于营养和传统医学领域。研究表明，其种子和叶子具有抗癌、抗菌和抗糖尿病作用。本研究调查了土耳其品种达达什独行菜（Lepidium sativum var. sativum）叶子提取物对艾氏腹水瘤（EAT）细胞的抗肿瘤潜力。在体外研究中，以25、50和100μg/mL的浓度测试了达达什独行菜提取物（DCE），以评估其抗肿瘤活性。通过荧光测定法测量半胱天冬酶-3/7活性，用JC-1染料测量线粒体膜去极化，并通过流式细胞术分析细胞周期。50μg/mL组在48小时时凋亡率最高；100μg/mL组在24小时时引起的线粒体去极化最为明显。72小时后，5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）组G0/G1期细胞最多，而25μg/mL DCE组S期细胞最多。在体内实验中，设置了对照组、EAT对照组、EAT + 5-FU组、EAT + DCE（75 - 150mg/kg）组和仅DCE（75 - 150mg/kg）组。对肝脏和肾脏组织进行了免疫组织化学、生物化学和遗传毒性检查。DCE显著降低了EAT小鼠的肿瘤坏死因子-α表达、氧化应激和DNA损伤。在150mg/kg DCE组中，肾脏尾部DNA%从92.5降至34.8%，肝脏尾部DNA%从105.3降至65.8%。与EAT对照组相比，总抗氧化能力（TAS）增加，总氧化应激（TOS）降低（p < 0.05）。这些结果表明，DCE可剂量依赖性地保护机体免受EAT诱导的损伤，且无遗传毒性。研究结果表明，DCE可能具有抗肿瘤潜力。
